程序因未知原因抛出 java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBounds 异常

Question

我现在在运行 HashMap 程序时遇到问题。它可以编译，但运行它会抛出一个与我在第 45 行使用charAt 相关的java.util.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException：

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.util.Scanner;
import javax.swing.JFileChooser;
import java.util.ArrayList;

//* This program inputs a text file, process it, and maps each word to a   hash map. At the end it outputs a list of all */
/* words in the file that are unique (occuring only once) and also the top five most commonly used words */


public class HashMapLab
{
  public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException
{
//creates and initualizes a hash map
HashMap<String, Integer> words = new HashMap<String, Integer>();

//allows user to select the file and inputs it word by word
JFileChooser chooser = new JFileChooser();
Scanner in = null;
if (chooser.showOpenDialog(null) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
{
  File selectedFile = chooser.getSelectedFile();
  in = new Scanner(selectedFile);

  //This lengthy loop processes each word, character by character
  while (in.hasNext())
  {
    //The next word in the selected file is input and turned into a string
    String input = in.next();
    //And this scanner breaks the word up character by character
    Scanner characterizer = new Scanner(input);
    characterizer.useDelimiter("");
    int counter = 0;

    ArrayList<Character> placeHolder = new ArrayList<Character>();

    while (counter < input.length())
    {
      //This is the reason why. Each character is checked against a blacklist. Forbidden characters are discarded.
      char character = characterizer.next().charAt(counter);
      if (character != '(' && character != ')' && character != '.' && character != '-' && character != '$' 
         && character != '?' & character != '!' && character != ';' && character != ':' && character != '"' &&
         character != '&' && character != '#' && character != '*')
      {
        placeHolder.add(character);
      }
      counter++;
    }

    /*After adding all permitted characters to an arraylist of variable size, that array list is converted
     * here to a fixed length array. */
    final int LENGTH = placeHolder.size();
    char[] word = new char[LENGTH];

    int currentSize = 0;
    if (currentSize < word.length)
    {
      currentSize++;
      word[currentSize] = placeHolder.get(currentSize);
    }

    //Because it is an array, it can be simply converted into a string, now devoid of blacklisted characters.
    String finalWord = new String(word);

    /* This is what all that code was leading up to. finalWord should be a permissible word by now, contaning
     * no blacklisted characters. This loop checks to see if finalWord is in the hashmap yet. If it is
     * then the value of that word is incrimented. If not, it is added to the hashmap. This should allow
     * the entire document to be processed, producing a hashmap that contains each unique word in the document
     * along with the number of times that word is present. */
    if (words.containsKey(finalWord))
    {
      Integer I = words.get(finalWord);
      words.put(finalWord, I++);
    }
    else
    {
      words.put(finalWord, 1);
    }
  }
}

} }求助！

Answer 1

for an unknown reason - 原因其实已经很清楚的告诉你了：

StringIndexOutOfBoundsException：字符串索引超出范围：-1 at java.lang.String.charAt(未知来源)

在某个时间点，“字符串索引”为 -1，即“超出范围”。唯一使用字符串“索引”的地方是这一段：

characterizer.next().charAt(counter);

字符串索引的适当“范围”通常是从0 到string.length()-1。

因此，根据给定的错误，您可以猜测出于某种原因，正如@Kayaman 所注意到的，counter 变量是-1。

---

因问题更改而编辑：

在您的情况下，代码 characterizer.next().charAt(counter); 会增加计数器，然后尝试从每个匹配字符串的位置获取字符，每次长度为 1。

改写一下，characterizer.next() - 每次返回一个字符串，counter 从0 到length-1 依次递增，但characterizer.next().charAt(counter) 不能工作，因为每个匹配的字符串都是尺寸 1 始终。

您可以完全删除特征符，并将其保留在 input.charAt(counter)，或将 charAt(counter) 更改为 charAt(0)。