【发布时间】:2019-11-09 22:10:51
【问题描述】:
我正在练习 C++ 中哈希映射的实现。我的目标是最终将单词映射到一对整数,这些整数对应于文本文件中的行和列。我从here 获取了哈希映射实现并以此为基础。当我只用一个字母传递单词时,代码可以正常工作。但是,当我有一个包含多个字母的单词时,代码在 Visual Studio 上编译,但在运行时通过这一行的读取访问冲突:
HashNode<K, V> *entry = table[hashValue];
(在插入成员函数内)。我认为在寺庙结构中使用琴弦时可能需要考虑一些我可能不知道的调整;但是,经过数小时的网络搜索后,我无法真正找到它。非常感谢有关如何解决此问题的任何想法。
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <tuple>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
#define TABLE_SIZE 1028
template <typename K, typename V>
class HashNode {
public:
HashNode(const K &key, const V &value) :
key(key), value(value), next(NULL) {
}
K getKey() const {
return key;
}
V getValue() const {
return value;
}
void setValue(V value) {
HashNode::value = value;
}
HashNode *getNext() const {
return next;
}
void setNext(HashNode *next) {
HashNode::next = next;
}
private:
// key-value pair
K key;
V value;
// next bucket with the same key
HashNode *next;
};
template <typename K, typename V, typename F = KeyHash<K>>
class HashMap {
public:
HashMap() {
// construct zero initialized hash table of size
table = new HashNode<K, V> * [TABLE_SIZE]();
}
~HashMap() {
// destroy all buckets one by one
for (int i = 0; i < TABLE_SIZE; ++i) {
HashNode<K, V> *entry = table[i];
while (entry != NULL) {
HashNode<K, V> *prev = entry;
entry = entry->getNext();
delete prev;
}
table[i] = NULL;
}
// destroy the hash table
delete[] table;
}
void get(const K &key, vector<V> &value) {
unsigned long hashValue = hashFunc(key);
HashNode<K, V> *entry = table[hashValue];
while (entry != NULL) {
if (entry->getKey() == key) {
value.push_back(entry->getValue());
//return true;
}
entry = entry->getNext();
}
//return false;
}
void insert(const K &key, const V &value) {
unsigned long hashValue = hashFunc(key);
HashNode<K, V> *prev = NULL;
HashNode<K, V> *entry = table[hashValue];
while (entry != NULL && entry->getKey() == key) {
prev = entry;
entry = entry->getNext();
}
if (entry == NULL) {
entry = new HashNode<K, V>(key, value);
if (prev == NULL) {
// insert as first bucket
table[hashValue] = entry;
}
else {
prev->setNext(entry);
}
}
else {
// just update the value
entry->setValue(value);
}
}
void remove(const K &key) {
unsigned long hashValue = hashFunc(key);
HashNode<K, V> *prev = NULL;
HashNode<K, V> *entry = table[hashValue];
while (entry != NULL && entry->getKey() != key) {
prev = entry;
entry = entry->getNext();
}
if (entry == NULL) {
// key not found
return;
}
else {
if (prev == NULL) {
// remove first bucket of the list
table[hashValue] = entry->getNext();
}
else {
prev->setNext(entry->getNext());
}
delete entry;
}
}
private:
// hash table
HashNode<K, V> **table;
F hashFunc;
};
int main()
{
struct MyKeyHash
{
unsigned long operator()(const string & s) const
{
int hash = 7;
for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++)
{
hash = hash * 31 + s[i];
}
return hash;
}
};
HashMap<string, tuple<int, int>, MyKeyHash> hmap;
hmap.insert("BB", make_pair(3, 3));
hmap.insert("A", make_pair(1, 2));
hmap.insert("A", make_pair(4, 2));
vector<tuple<int, int>> value;
hmap.get("B", value);
for (auto it : value)
{
cout << get<0>(it) << ", " << get<1>(it) << endl;
}
}
【问题讨论】:
-
当我有一个包含多个字母的单词时,代码会在 Visual Studio 上编译,但在运行时会出现内存冲突错误。 -- 你应该知道使用没有错误与是否存在逻辑错误无关。
-
感谢您的宝贵意见。做了一些修改。违规错误实际上是读取访问违规。现在在编辑中给出了详细信息。