Scala 对添加方法的自动转换有一个限制,即它不会在尝试查找方法时应用多个转换。例如:
class A(val n: Int)
class B(val m: Int, val n: Int)
class C(val m: Int, val n: Int, val o: Int) {
def total = m + n + o
}
// This demonstrates implicit conversion chaining restrictions
object T1 { // to make it easy to test on REPL
implicit def toA(n: Int): A = new A(n)
implicit def aToB(a: A): B = new B(a.n, a.n)
implicit def bToC(b: B): C = new C(b.m, b.n, b.m + b.n)
// won't work
println(5.total)
println(new A(5).total)
// works
println(new B(5, 5).total)
println(new C(5, 5, 10).total)
}
编辑:自 Scala 2.11 https://issues.scala-lang.org/browse/SI-7629 起,视图边界 ('
但是,如果隐式定义本身需要隐式参数(视图绑定),Scala 将根据需要寻找其他隐式值。继续上一个例子:
// def m[A <% B](m: A) is the same thing as
// def m[A](m: A)(implicit ev: A => B)
object T2 {
implicit def toA(n: Int): A = new A(n)
implicit def aToB[A1 <% A](a: A1): B = new B(a.n, a.n)
implicit def bToC[B1 <% B](b: B1): C = new C(b.m, b.n, b.m + b.n)
// works
println(5.total)
println(new A(5).total)
println(new B(5, 5).total)
println(new C(5, 5, 10).total)
}
“魔法!”,你可能会说。不是这样。以下是编译器如何翻译每一个:
object T1Translated {
implicit def toA(n: Int): A = new A(n)
implicit def aToB(a: A): B = new B(a.n, a.n)
implicit def bToC(b: B): C = new C(b.m, b.n, b.m + b.n)
// Scala won't do this
println(bToC(aToB(toA(5))).total)
println(bToC(aToB(new A(5))).total)
// Just this
println(bToC(new B(5, 5)).total)
// No implicits required
println(new C(5, 5, 10).total)
}
object T2Translated {
implicit def toA(n: Int): A = new A(n)
implicit def aToB[A1 <% A](a: A1): B = new B(a.n, a.n)
implicit def bToC[B1 <% B](b: B1): C = new C(b.m, b.n, b.m + b.n)
// Scala does this
println(bToC(5)(x => aToB(x)(y => toA(y))).total)
println(bToC(new A(5))(x => aToB(x)(identity)).total)
println(bToC(new B(5, 5))(identity).total)
// no implicits required
println(new C(5, 5, 10).total)
}
因此,虽然 bToC 被用作隐式转换,aToB 和 toA 被作为隐式参数传递,而不是作为隐式转换链接。
编辑
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