链接 gtest 项目时出错

Question

最近我开始学习单元测试，我想用 gtest 测试我的程序。我按此顺序安装所有内容：

$ git clone https://github.com/google/googletest 
$ cd googletest 
$ cmake -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON . 
$ make 
$ cd googlemock 
$ sudo cp ./libgmock_main.so ./gtest/libgtest.so gtest/libgtest_main.so ./libgmock.so /usr/lib/ 
$ sudo ldconfig

现在写代码：

#include "gtest/gtest.h"

class Add
{
  private:
     int element;
  public:
     Add():element(0){}
     ~Add(){}
     void setElement(int e){ element = e; }
     int getElement() { return element; }
     int adder(int e) { return element += e; }
};

class AddTest : public ::testing::Test
{
  protected:
       int abc(int a){
            return a;
        }

     virtual void SetUp(){
          add1.setElement(1);
          add2.setElement(20);
     }
     virtual void TearDown(){}

Add add1;
Add add2;
};

TEST_F(AddTest, getTest)
{
   EXPECT_EQ(1, add1.getElement());
   EXPECT_EQ(20, add2.getElement());
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
   ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
   return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
}

运行测试时结束，我收到此错误：

CMakeFiles/mock2.dir/main.cpp.o：在函数AddTest_getTest_Test::TestBody()': /home/artem/CLionProjects/mock2/main.cpp:33: undefined reference totesting::Message::Message()' /home/artem/CLionProjects/mock2/main.cpp:33: 未定义引用testing::internal::AssertHelper::AssertHelper(testing::TestPartResult::Type, char const*, int, char const*)' /home/artem/CLionProjects/mock2/main.cpp:33: undefined reference totesting::internal::AssertHelper::operator=(testing::Message const&) const' /home/artem/CLionProjects/mock2/main.cpp:33: 未定义引用testing::internal::AssertHelper::~AssertHelper()' /home/artem/CLionProjects/mock2/main.cpp:34: undefined reference totesting::Message::Message()' /home/artem/CLionProjects/mock2/main.cpp:34: 未定义引用testing::internal::AssertHelper::AssertHelper(testing::TestPartResult::Type, char const*, int, char const*)' /home/artem/CLionProjects/mock2/main.cpp:34: undefined reference totesting::internal::AssertHelper::operator=(testing::Message const&) const' /home/artem/CLionProjects/mock2/main.cpp:34：未定义引用testing::internal::AssertHelper::~AssertHelper()' /home/artem/CLionProjects/mock2/main.cpp:33: undefined reference totesting::internal::AssertHelper::~AssertHelper()' /home/artem/CLionProjects/mock2/main.cpp:34：未定义对testing::internal::AssertHelper::~AssertHelper()' CMakeFiles/mock2.dir/main.cpp.o: In functionmain'的引用： /home/artem/CLionProjects/mock2/main.cpp:39：未定义对testing::InitGoogleTest(int*, char**)' CMakeFiles/mock2.dir/main.cpp.o: In function__static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)'的引用： /home/artem/CLionProjects/mock2/main.cpp:31：未定义对testing::internal::MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(char const*, char const*, char const*, char const*, testing::internal::CodeLocation, void const*, void (*)(), void (*)(), testing::internal::TestFactoryBase*)' CMakeFiles/mock2.dir/main.cpp.o: In functionRUN_ALL_TESTS()'的引用： /usr/local/include/gtest/gtest.h:2235: 未定义引用testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()' /usr/local/include/gtest/gtest.h:2235: undefined reference totesting::UnitTest::Run()' CMakeFiles/mock2.dir/main.cpp.o：在函数AddTest::AddTest()': /home/artem/CLionProjects/mock2/main.cpp:15: undefined reference totesting::Test::Test()' CMakeFiles/mock2.dir/main.cpp.o：在函数AddTest::~AddTest()': /home/artem/CLionProjects/mock2/main.cpp:15: undefined reference totesting::Test::~Test()' CMakeFiles/mock2.dir/main.cpp.o：在函数testing::internal::scoped_ptr<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >::reset(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >*)': /usr/local/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h:1172: undefined reference totesting::internal::IsTrue(bool)' CMakeFiles/mock2.dir/main.cpp.o：在函数testing::internal::scoped_ptr<std::__cxx11::basic_stringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >::reset(std::__cxx11::basic_stringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >*)': /usr/local/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h:1172: undefined reference totesting::internal::IsTrue(bool)' CMakeFiles/mock2.dir/main.cpp.o：在函数testing::AssertionResult testing::internal::CmpHelperEQ<int, int>(char const*, char const*, int const&, int const&)': /usr/local/include/gtest/gtest.h:1394: undefined reference totesting::AssertionSuccess()' CMakeFiles/mock2.dir/main.cpp.o：在函数testing::AssertionResult testing::internal::CmpHelperEQFailure<int, int>(char const*, char const*, int const&, int const&)': /usr/local/include/gtest/gtest.h:1384: undefined reference totesting::internal::EqFailure(char const*, char const*, std::__cxx11::basic_string, std::allocator > const&, std: :__cxx11::basic_string, std::allocator > const&, bool)' CMakeFiles/mock2.dir/main.cpp.o:(.rodata._ZTI7AddTest[_ZTI7AddTest]+0x10)：未定义的对`typeinfo for testing::Test'的引用 collect2：错误：ld 返回 1 个退出状态 CMakeFiles/mock2.dir/build.make:94：目标“mock2”的配方失败 make[3]: * [mock2] 错误 1 CMakeFiles/Makefile2:67：目标“CMakeFiles/mock2.dir/all”的配方失败 make[2]: [CMakeFiles/mock2.dir/all] 错误 2 CMakeFiles/Makefile2:79：目标“CMakeFiles/mock2.dir/rule”的配方失败 make[1]: [CMakeFiles/mock2.dir/rule] 错误 2 Makefile:118: 目标“mock2”的配方失败 make: * [mock2] 错误 2

但是当使用命令时

g++ main.cpp -o test -lgtest -lpthread

一切都很好。如何修复它并且不在命令行中运行它？

Answer 1

如果您使用的是 CLion，那么您可能有一个 CMakeLists.txt 文件，您应该添加规则以链接到库。为此，将以下行添加到您的 CMakeLists.txt

enable_testing()
find_package(GTest REQUIRED) # Find the google testing framework on your system
include_directories(${GTEST_INCLUDE_DIRS})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${GTEST_LIBRARIES}) # Replace ${PROJECT_NAME} with your target name

更多详情请转至here。