创建entityManagerFactory Bean时的Spring Data JPA + Hibernate + Log4j2 ClassLoadingException [重复]答案

【问题标题】：Spring Data JPA + Hibernate + Log4j2 ClassLoadingException when creating entityManagerFactory Bean [duplicate]创建entityManagerFactory Bean时的Spring Data JPA + Hibernate + Log4j2 ClassLoadingException [重复]
【发布时间】：2016-03-29 15:14:27
【问题描述】：

我一直无法让 Spring 为使用 Spring Data JPA、Hibernate 和 log4j 的项目注入 entityManagerFactory。看来，当 spring 开始从上下文加载 bean 时，我们能够从 hibernate 接收日志消息。当它尝试加载 entityManagerFactory bean 时，hibernate 无法加载 org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.db.jpa.converter.ContextMapJsonAttributeConverter。签入 jar 后，该类实际上位于正确的路径上。我正在使用自定义附加程序，但到目前为止，我们还没有造成任何问题。对此的任何帮助（甚至是正确方向的一点）将不胜感激。

编辑：我正在使用 log4j2，而不仅仅是 log4j，并且在 eclipse 中运行时不会出现此问题。

context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa 
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.0.xsd">


    <!-- Directory to scan for repository classes -->
    <jpa:repositories base-package="man.prototype.mid.sen" />

    <bean id="dataSource"
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName">
            <value>org.postgresql.Driver</value>
        </property>
        <property name="url">
            <value>jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/postgres</value>
        </property>
        <property name="username">
            <value>user</value>
        </property>
        <property name="password">
            <value>password</value>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="entityManagerFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="jpaData" />
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter" />
        </property>
        <property name="jpaProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">false</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">false</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>


    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
    </bean>


</beans>

我最近改用 log4j 而不是内部日志记录应用程序，这很可能是问题的根源。这是 pom.xml 中的其他依赖项：

<properties>

    <!-- Specify the Version for JUnit. -->
    <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>

    <!-- Specify the Version for each of the packages we use. -->
    <apache.activemq.version>5.3.1</apache.activemq.version>
    <apache.commons.lang.version>3.4</apache.commons.lang.version>
    <apache.commons.collections.version>4.1</apache.commons.collections.version>
    <google.guava.version>19.0</google.guava.version>
    <apache.httpcomponents.version>4.5.1</apache.httpcomponents.version>
    <postgresql.version>9.4-1206-jdbc42</postgresql.version>

    <springframework.jms.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</springframework.jms.version>
       <springframework.boot.version>1.3.3.RELEASE</springframework.boot.version>


</properties>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.ini4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>ini4j</artifactId>
        <version>0.5.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Apache -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        <version>${apache.commons.lang.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
        <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
        <version>${apache.httpcomponents.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Routes logs from slf4j to log4j -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j-slf4j-impl</artifactId>
        <version>2.5</version>
    </dependency>       

    <!-- Google -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
        <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
        <version>${google.guava.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
        <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
        <version>2.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--  Spring Dependencies -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.2.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
        <version>${springframework.jms.version}</version>
    </dependency>    

    <!-- Database -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.0.Final</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Added to backport LocalDateTime (new to Java 8) to dependencies that won't recognize it -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.threeten</groupId>
        <artifactId>threetenbp</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
        <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
        <version>${postgresql.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <!-- Test Dependencies -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- This is here for JSON dependencies for hibernate/log4j -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.2</version>
    </dependency>



    <!-- Test Dependencies -->

    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>${junit.version}</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
        <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.43-beta</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.19</version>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Provide slf4j facade for commons logging (which we excluded in the previous dependency) -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.19</version>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>



<!-- Build settings -->
<build>
    <plugins>
        <!-- mvn package sonar:sonar -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
            <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>0.7.6.201602180812</version>
            <configuration>
                <destFile>${sonar.jacoco.reportPath}</destFile>
                <append>true</append>
            </configuration>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <id>pre-unit-test</id>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>shade</goal>
                    </goals>
                    <configuration>
                        <transformers>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                <mainClass>manatee.prototype.middleware.sensor.core.SensorMain</mainClass>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
                            </transformer>
                            <!-- This transformer is here to concatenate log4j2 cache during fatjar creation  -->
                            <transformer
                                    implementation="com.github.edwgiz.mavenShadePlugin.log4j2CacheTransformer.PluginsCacheFileTransformer">
                            </transformer>
                        </transformers>
                    </configuration>
                </execution>
            </executions>
            <dependencies>
                 <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.github.edwgiz</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin.log4j2-cachefile-transformer</artifactId>
                    <version>2.1</version>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

这是我在运行时遇到的错误：

LogMessage: id=tbd, eventTimestamp=2016-03-29T10:25:14.054, logTimestamp=tbd, reporter=[org.hibernate.Version], level=INFO, text=[HHH000412: Hibernate Core {5.1.0.Final}]
LogMessage: id=tbd, eventTimestamp=2016-03-29T10:25:14.055, logTimestamp=tbd, reporter=[org.hibernate.cfg.Environment], level=INFO, text=[HHH000206: hibernate.properties not found]
LogMessage: id=tbd, eventTimestamp=2016-03-29T10:25:14.055, logTimestamp=tbd, reporter=[org.hibernate.cfg.Environment], level=INFO, text=[HHH000021: Bytecode provider name : javassist]
LogMessage: id=tbd, eventTimestamp=2016-03-29T10:25:14.062, logTimestamp=tbd, reporter=[org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceBinding], level=DEBUG, text=[Overriding existing service binding [org.hibernate.secure.spi.JaccService]]
LogMessage: id=tbd, eventTimestamp=2016-03-29T10:25:14.073, logTimestamp=tbd, reporter=[org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl], level=TRACE, text=[Initializing service [role=org.hibernate.engine.config.spi.ConfigurationService]]
LogMessage: id=tbd, eventTimestamp=2016-03-29T10:25:14.076, logTimestamp=tbd, reporter=[org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl], level=TRACE, text=[Initializing service [role=org.hibernate.cache.spi.RegionFactory]]
LogMessage: id=tbd, eventTimestamp=2016-03-29T10:25:14.076, logTimestamp=tbd, reporter=[org.hibernate.cache.internal.RegionFactoryInitiator], level=DEBUG, text=[Cache region factory : org.hibernate.cache.internal.NoCachingRegionFactory]
LogMessage: id=tbd, eventTimestamp=2016-03-29T10:25:14.081, logTimestamp=tbd, reporter=[org.hibernate.annotations.common.Version], level=INFO, text=[HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {5.0.1.Final}]
LogMessage: id=tbd, eventTimestamp=2016-03-29T10:25:14.084, logTimestamp=tbd, reporter=[org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl], level=TRACE, text=[Initializing service [role=org.hibernate.boot.cfgxml.spi.CfgXmlAccessService]]
LogMessage: id=tbd, eventTimestamp=2016-03-29T10:25:15.229, logTimestamp=tbd, reporter=[org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory], level=DEBUG, text=[Retrieved dependent beans for bean 'org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter#3c3d9b6b': [entityManagerFactory]]
LogMessage: id=tbd, eventTimestamp=2016-03-29T10:25:15.232, logTimestamp=tbd, reporter=[org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext], level=WARN, text=[Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in file [c:\git\sen\src\main\resources\context.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.boot.registry.classloading.spi.ClassLoadingException: Unable to load class [org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.db.jpa.converter.ContextMapJsonAttributeConverter]]
LogMessage: id=tbd, eventTimestamp=2016-03-29T10:25:15.232, logTimestamp=tbd, reporter=[org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory], level=DEBUG, text=[Destroying singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@29647f75: defining beans [sysConfig,org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.JpaRepositoryConfigExtension#0,org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryInterfaceAwareBeanPostProcessor,emBeanDefinitionRegistrarPostProcessor,jpaMappingContext,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalPersistenceAnnotationProcessor,jpaContext,dataSource,entityManagerFactory,transactionManager,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory,org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.importAwareProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.enhancedConfigurationProcessor,org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator#0]; root of factory hierarchy]
Beans Exception in reading Spring context. See Stack Trace below:
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in file [c:\git\sen\src\main\resources\context.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.boot.registry.classloading.spi.ClassLoadingException: Unable to load class [org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.db.jpa.converter.ContextMapJsonAttributeConverter]

编辑2：这里是项目的依赖树。

[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.8:tree (default-cli) @ sen ---
[INFO] man.prototype.mid:sen:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] +- man.prototype.com:logger:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-api:jar:2.5:compile
[INFO] +- man.prototype.com:messaging:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] |  \- javax.websocket:javax.websocket-api:jar:1.1:compile
[INFO] +- org.ini4j:ini4j:jar:0.5.2:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:jar:3.4:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:jar:4.5.1:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:jar:4.4.3:compile
[INFO] |  +- commons-logging:commons-logging:jar:1.2:compile
[INFO] |  \- commons-codec:commons-codec:jar:1.9:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core:jar:2.5:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-slf4j-impl:jar:2.5:compile
[INFO] +- com.google.guava:guava:jar:19.0:compile
[INFO] +- com.google.code.gson:gson:jar:2.5:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:4.2.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:4.2.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:4.2.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- aopalliance:aopalliance:jar:1.0:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:4.2.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:4.2.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.data:spring-data-jpa:jar:1.9.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.data:spring-data-commons:jar:1.11.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-orm:jar:4.1.9.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-jdbc:jar:4.1.9.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-tx:jar:4.1.9.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.aspectj:aspectjrt:jar:1.8.7:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-jms:jar:4.2.5.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-messaging:jar:4.2.5.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.hibernate:hibernate-entitymanager:jar:5.1.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.3.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.hibernate:hibernate-core:jar:5.1.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- antlr:antlr:jar:2.7.7:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.jboss:jandex:jar:2.0.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- com.fasterxml:classmate:jar:1.3.0:compile
[INFO] |  +- dom4j:dom4j:jar:1.6.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- xml-apis:xml-apis:jar:1.0.b2:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.hibernate.common:hibernate-commons-annotations:jar:5.0.1.Final:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.hibernate.javax.persistence:hibernate-jpa-2.1-api:jar:1.0.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.javassist:javassist:jar:3.20.0-GA:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.apache.geronimo.specs:geronimo-jta_1.1_spec:jar:1.1.1:compile
[INFO] +- org.threeten:threetenbp:jar:1.3.1:compile
[INFO] +- org.postgresql:postgresql:jar:9.4-1206-jdbc42:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:4.2.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.7.2:compile
[INFO] +- junit:junit:jar:4.12:test
[INFO] |  \- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.3:test
[INFO] +- org.mockito:mockito-core:jar:2.0.43-beta:test
[INFO] |  +- net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy:jar:1.2.3:test
[INFO] |  \- org.objenesis:objenesis:jar:2.1:test
[INFO] +- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.19:runtime
[INFO] \- org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.19:runtime

【问题讨论】：

应该有堆栈跟踪显示ContextMapJsonAttributeConverter 的加载发生的位置，以及无法加载的原因。我有点怀疑 JPA/Hibernate 错误地扫描了要放在 EMF 下的类，但这需要额外的配置，因此扫描失败。鉴于您尚未在 LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean 中定义 packageToScan，我怀疑它是在 persistence.xml 中定义的，您可以对其进行调整

标签： java hibernate log4j spring-data-jpa

【解决方案1】：

尝试添加依赖 log4j-core。

【讨论】：

试一试，即使我们使用的自定义附加程序无论如何都会导入它。不幸的是它仍然没有工作。还尝试导入它和 log4j-api 2.5 版，但没有成功。