将 Excel 文件导入 Access 数据库

Question

我编写了一些代码来将 Excel 文件中的数据导入 Access 数据库。代码首先选择一个目录，然后单击一个按钮进行导入。

这是我必须导入数据库的字段：

dataid  - ID

name - NAME

company - COMPANY

phone - PHONE NUMBER

Add1 - ADDRESS 1

Add2 - ADDRESS 2

Add3 - ADDRESS 3

pcode - POSCODE

city - CITY NAME

state - STATE

remark - REMARK

ShipperRef - REFFERENCE

可能会有多行，这是我无法预测的。

代码：

  Private Sub TransferExcelFile2Database_Click(sender As System.Object, e As System.EventArgs) Handles TransferExcelFile2Database.Click

            Try

            Dim connectexcelstring As String = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source='" & Text1.Text & "';" & _
                 "Extended Properties=""Excel 8.0;HDR=yes"""
            Dim con As OleDbConnection = New OleDbConnection(connectexcelstring)

            con.Open()

            Dim query As String = "Select * from [Sheet1$]"

            Dim excelcmd As OleDbCommand = New OleDbCommand(query, con)


            dt.Load(excelcmd.ExecuteReader())

            If dt.Rows.Count > 0 Then
                Dim conn As OleDbConnection = New OleDbConnection(constring)
                Dim cmdAccess As New OleDbCommand

                Dim dataid As New OleDbParameter With {.DbType = DbType.Int32, .ParameterName = "dataid"}
                Dim name As New OleDbParameter With {.DbType = DbType.String, .ParameterName = "name"}
                Dim company As New OleDbParameter With {.DbType = DbType.String, .ParameterName = "company"}
                Dim phone As New OleDbParameter With {.DbType = DbType.String, .ParameterName = "phone"}
                Dim Add1 As New OleDbParameter With {.DbType = DbType.String, .ParameterName = "Add1"}
                Dim Add2 As New OleDbParameter With {.DbType = DbType.String, .ParameterName = "Add2"}
                Dim Add3 As New OleDbParameter With {.DbType = DbType.String, .ParameterName = "Add3"}
                Dim pcode As New OleDbParameter With {.DbType = DbType.String, .ParameterName = "pcode"}
                Dim City As New OleDbParameter With {.DbType = DbType.String, .ParameterName = "City"}
                Dim state As New OleDbParameter With {.DbType = DbType.String, .ParameterName = "state"}
                Dim remark As New OleDbParameter With {.DbType = DbType.String, .ParameterName = "remark"}
                Dim ShipperRef As New OleDbParameter With {.DbType = DbType.String, .ParameterName = "ShipperRef"}

                cmdAccess.CommandText = "INSERT INTO TblProject VALUE (@dataid,@name,@company,@phone,@Add1,@Add2,@Add3,@pcode,@City,@state,@remark,@ShipperRef)"

                conn.Open()

                Dim Col1Value As Integer
                Dim Result As Integer
                For Each row As DataRow In dt.Rows
                    If Integer.TryParse(row("dataid").ToString, Col1Value) Then
                        cmdAccess.Parameters("dataid").Value = row.Item("dataid")
                        cmdAccess.Parameters("name").Value = row.Item("name")
                        cmdAccess.Parameters("company").Value = row.Item("company")
                        cmdAccess.Parameters("phone").Value = row.Item("phone")
                        cmdAccess.Parameters("Add1").Value = row.Item("Add1")
                        cmdAccess.Parameters("Add2").Value = row.Item("Add2")
                        cmdAccess.Parameters("Add3").Value = row.Item("Add3")
                        cmdAccess.Parameters("pcode").Value = row.Item("pcode")
                        cmdAccess.Parameters("city").Value = row.Item("city")
                        cmdAccess.Parameters("state").Value = row.Item("state")
                        cmdAccess.Parameters("remark").Value = row.Item("remark")
                        cmdAccess.Parameters("ShipperRef").Value = row.Item("ShipperRef")

                        Result = cmdAccess.ExecuteNonQuery()
                        If Result = 0 Then
                            MsgBox("Mission to insert failed")
                        End If
                    Else
                        '
                        ' Value does not represent a valid integer.
                        ' You need to decide how to handle this i.e.
                        ' Abort insert as done here or place a default value in.
                        '
                    End If
                Next

            End If


        Catch ex As Exception

            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message)
        End Try

    End Sub

我想将 Excel 数据导入 Access 数据库，但出现此错误：

Answer 1

很高兴看到您至少尝试使用参数。我要做的第一件事是将@ 添加到您的参数名称中：

Dim dataid As New OleDbParameter With {.DbType = DbType.Int32, .ParameterName = "@dataid"}

接下来我注意到你还没有将参数添加到你的OleDbCommand：

cmd.Parameters.Add(dataid)

最后，Insert 语句看起来不太正确。您应该指定表中的列名以及要插入的值。还将VALUE 更改为VALUES：

"INSERT INTO TblProject (field1, field2, field3...) VALUES (@dataid, @name ,@company...)"

您可以将field1、field2、field3 更改为正确的列名，当然还要确保已指定所有列名。

对于OleDbCommand，重要的是要注意不是参数的名称，而是声明它们的顺序。

继续我也会考虑实现Using：

有时您的代码需要非托管资源，例如文件句柄、COM 包装器或 SQL 连接。 Using 块保证在您的代码完成后处理一个或多个此类资源。这使得它们可供其他代码使用。

这里是一些示例代码。请注意，我使用? 作为参数占位符：

Using con As New OleDbConnection(connectexcelstring),
      cmd As New OleDbCommand("INSERT INTO TblProject (field1, field2, field3...) VALUES (?, ?, ?...)", con)

    'You could also add the parameters to the command at this point
    cmd.Parameters.Add("@dataid", OleDbType.Integer)
    cmd.Parameters.Add("@name", OleDbType.VarChar)
    ...

    For Each row As DataRow In dt.Rows
        Dim Col1Value As Integer
        If Integer.TryParse(row("dataid").ToString(), Col1Value) Then
            cmd.Parameters("@dataid").Value = Col1Value 'If Integer.TryParse is successful then "Col1Value" will also contain the value of "row("dataid")"
            cmd.Parameters("@name").Value = row.Item("name").ToString()
            ...

            If cmd.ExecuteNonQuery() = 0 Then
                MessageBox.Show("Mission to insert failed")
            End If

        Else
            ' Value does not represent a valid integer.
            ' You need to decide how to handle this i.e.
            ' Abort insert as done here or place a default value in.
        End If

    Next

End Using

正如我所说，这只是示例代码，因此您必须用其余字段和参数填写空白，但这应该会让您重新开始。