【问题标题】:Visual Studio 2019 rejects `bool concept` while gcc 8 doesn't compile concepts without `bool`Visual Studio 2019 拒绝“bool concept”,而 gcc 8 不编译没有“bool”的概念
【发布时间】:2020-06-26 06:42:01
【问题描述】:

我认为 c++ 概念是编写 c++ 模板代码的更好方法,具有更好的错误消息和更快的编译时间,因此我将 Visual Studio 升级到 2019 并仍在等待 clang 支持概念

但是,我使用 Visual Studio 2019 中的 msvc 和 mingw-w64 中的 g++ 8 测试了一些简单代码,但遇到了一些问题。

这是测试:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

// this compiles under g++ 8 but not visual studio 2019
template <class T>
bool concept CharT = std::is_same_v<T, char> || std::is_same_v<T, wchar_t> ||
    std::is_same_v<T, char16_t> || std::is_same_v<T, char32_t>;

// this compile under visual studio 2019 but not g++
//template <class T>
//concept CharT = std::is_same_v<T, char> || std::is_same_v<T, wchar_t> ||
//  std::is_same_v<T, char16_t> || std::is_same_v<T, char32_t>; 

template <CharT char_type>
void PrintChar(char_type ch)
{
    wcout << ch << endl;
}

int main()
{
    PrintChar('c');
    PrintChar(L'h');
    PrintChar('a');
    PrintChar('r');
}

Visual Studio 调用:

cl /std:c++latest concepts.cpp
Microsoft (R) C/C++ Optimizing Compiler Version 19.24.28316 for x64
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

/std:c++latest is provided as a preview of language features from the latest C++
working draft, and we're eager to hear about bugs and suggestions for improvements.
However, note that these features are provided as-is without support, and subject
to changes or removal as the working draft evolves. See
https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=2045807 for details.

concepts.cpp
concepts.cpp(7): error C2988: unrecognizable template declaration/definition
concepts.cpp(7): error C2059: syntax error: 'concept'
concepts.cpp(7): fatal error C1903: unable to recover from previous error(s); stopping compilation
Internal Compiler Error in C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.24.28314\bin\HostX64\x64\cl.exe.  You will be prompted to send an error report to Microsoft later.

g++ 调用

g++ -std=c++2a -fconcepts concepts.cpp -o c.exe
concepts.cpp:12:9: error: 'CharT' does not name a type; did you mean 'char'?
 concept CharT = std::is_same_v<T, char> || std::is_same_v<T, wchar_t> ||
         ^~~~~
         char
concepts.cpp:15:11: error: 'CharT' has not been declared
 template <CharT char_type>
           ^~~~~
concepts.cpp:16:16: error: variable or field 'PrintChar' declared void
 void PrintChar(char_type ch)
                ^~~~~~~~~
concepts.cpp:16:16: error: 'char_type' was not declared in this scope
concepts.cpp:16:16: note: suggested alternative: 'wchar_t'
 void PrintChar(char_type ch)
                ^~~~~~~~~
                wchar_t
concepts.cpp: In function 'int main()':
concepts.cpp:23:2: error: 'PrintChar' was not declared in this scope
  PrintChar('c');
  ^~~~~~~~~

应该支持这两种语法吗?或者我在一个编译器中使用了已弃用或删除的语法,而另一个不支持它?

【问题讨论】:

    标签: c++ visual-c++ g++ c++20 c++-concepts


    【解决方案1】:

    bool 的语法不是 C++20 概念,而是之前的Concepts TS(技术规范)的语法。后者是对 C++17 的实验性扩展,被基于 TS 的 C++20 概念添加所取代,但对语法和语义进行了一些更改。

    GCC 8 只支持 TS,不支持 C++20 概念,后者需要 GCC 10。

    请参阅 this cppreference.com page 了解 C++20 概念添加的文档和 this one 了解概念 TS。有关概念(TS 和 C++20)的编译器支持列表,另请参阅 this page

    【讨论】:

      【解决方案2】:

      正如walnut 所说,concept bool 是 TS 语法,而 concept 是 C++20 语法。

      如果您确实需要支持两种编译器,您可以使用feature test macro 来选择正确的语法(尽管从技术上讲,Concepts TS 并未在该表中列出):

      #if __cpp_concepts >= 201707
        // working paper, C++20 concepts
        #define CONCEPT concept
      #else
        // TS
        #define CONCEPT concept bool
      #endif
      
      template <typename T>
      CONCEPT C = true;
      

      这将适用于所有支持概念的编译器。

      【讨论】:

        猜你喜欢
        • 1970-01-01
        • 2019-06-07
        • 1970-01-01
        • 1970-01-01
        • 1970-01-01
        • 2015-10-13
        • 1970-01-01
        • 2016-10-23
        • 2020-06-27
        相关资源
        最近更新 更多