【发布时间】:2016-06-28 07:22:46
【问题描述】:
我目前正在阅读 Bjarne Stroustrup 的“The C++ Programming Language”第 4 版。在本书的第一部分,我发现using 的用法如下所示:
// Error is in these 2 lines
template<typename T>
using Iterator<T> = typename T::iterator;
*完整的程序和错误信息参见[**]*
这正是我在第 105 页找到的。当我把它变成一个完整的程序并尝试编译它时,g++ 给了我这个错误消息:
> g++ -std=c++14 -o fnd find_all.cpp
find_all.cpp:13:15: error: expected '=' before '<' token
using Iterator<T> = typename T::iterator;
^
find_all.cpp:13:15: error: expected type-specifier before '<' token
我在这段代码中找不到任何问题,(我是 C++ 新手,凭我的小知识我找不到问题)(更令人困惑的是,我在 Bjarne 的书中找到了这个)
有人能告诉我为什么该代码会出错吗?
注意:但是,如果我将
Iterator<C>替换为typename C::iterator(见下文),它工作正常,没有错误!
[**]完整的程序和错误信息:
// Error is in these 2 lines
template<typename T>
using Iterator<T> = typename T::iterator;
// -------------------------------------------
// For the completeness I'll include my complete program here
template<typename C, typename V>
vector<Iterator<C>> find_all(C& c, V v) // find all occurrences of v in c
{
vector<Iterator<C>> res;
for (auto p = c.begin(); p!=c.end(); ++p)
if (∗p==v)
res.push_back(p);
return res;
}
void test()
{
string m {"Mary had a little lamb"};
for (auto p : find_all(m, 'a'))
if (*p == 'a')
cerr << "string bug!\n";
list<double> ld { 1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5, 6.6, 1.1, 1.1 };
for (auto p : find_all(ld, 1.1))
if (*p == 1.1)
cerr << "list bug!\n";
vector<string> strv { "blue", "yellow", "red", "white", "orange", "blue" };
for (auto p : find_all(strv, "blue"))
if (*p == "blue")
cerr << "string vector bug!\n";
}
int main(void)
{
test();
return 0;
}
错误信息:
> g++ -std=c++14 -o fnd find_all.cpp
find_all.cpp:13:15: error: expected '=' before '<' token
using Iterator<T> = typename T::iterator;
^
find_all.cpp:13:15: error: expected type-specifier before '<' token
find_all.cpp:16:8: error: 'Iterator' was not declared in this scope
vector<Iterator<C>> find_all(C& c, V v)
^
find_all.cpp:16:17: error: template argument 1 is invalid
vector<Iterator<C>> find_all(C& c, V v)
^
find_all.cpp:16:17: error: template argument 2 is invalid
find_all.cpp:16:18: error: expected unqualified-id before '>' token
vector<Iterator<C>> find_all(C& c, V v)
^
find_all.cpp: In function 'void test()':
find_all.cpp:30:31: error: 'find_all' was not declared in this scope
for (auto p : find_all(m, 'a'))
^
find_all.cpp:35:32: error: 'find_all' was not declared in this scope
for (auto p : find_all(ld, 1.1))
^
find_all.cpp:40:37: error: 'find_all' was not declared in this scope
for (auto p : find_all(strv, "blue"))
【问题讨论】:
标签: c++ templates c++11 c++14 using