Session.save 抛出 TransientObjectException

Question

我有两个实体，分别称为 student 和 course，具有 ManyToMany relationship。正如我在this 文章中所读到的，我们可以调用 save 方法来保存事务中的相关实体，或者一旦刷新会话，它将被保存。我也了解导致此异常的typical cascading problem，但在这里我也处理了它，但仍然我在调用 save 方法时收到 TransientObjectException，而 persist 方法工作得很好。有人可以解释一下这里发生了什么吗？

这是我的代码：

SaveVsPersistTest.java

public class SaveVsPersistTest {


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Create session factory object 
        SessionFactory sessionFactory = new Configuration()
                .configure("hibernate.cfg.xml")
                .addAnnotatedClass(Student.class)
                .addAnnotatedClass(Course.class)
                .buildSessionFactory();

        Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();

        Student student = new Student("Gopal");

        Course course1 = new Course("Java");
        Course course2 = new Course("C++");

        student.addCourse(course1);
        student.addCourse(course2);

        session.save(student);

        transaction.commit();
        session.flush();
    }

}

Student.java

@Entity
@Table(name="student")
public class Student {

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(String name) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Id
    @Column(name="student_id")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;

    @Column(name="student_name")
    private String name;

    @ManyToMany(cascade={CascadeType.DETACH,CascadeType.REFRESH,CascadeType.PERSIST,CascadeType.MERGE})
    @JoinTable(name="student_course",
                joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="student_id")},
                inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="course_id")})
    private List<Course> courseList;

    public void addCourse(Course tempcourse) {
        if(courseList == null){
            courseList= new ArrayList<>();
        }
        courseList.add(tempcourse);
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public List<Course> getCourseList() {
        return courseList;
    }

    public void setCourseList(List<Course> courseList) {
        this.courseList = courseList;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", courseList=" + courseList + "]";
    }

}

Course.java

@Entity
@Table(name="course")
public class Course {

    public Course() {
    }

    public Course(String courseTitle) {
        super();
        this.courseTitle = courseTitle;
    }



    @Id
    @Column(name="course_id")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;

    @Column(name="course_title")
    private String courseTitle;

    @ManyToMany(cascade={CascadeType.DETACH,CascadeType.REFRESH,CascadeType.PERSIST,CascadeType.MERGE})
    @JoinTable(name="student_course",
                joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="course_id")},
                inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="student_id")})
    private List<Student> StudentList;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getCourseTitle() {
        return courseTitle;
    }

    public void setCourseTitle(String courseTitle) {
        this.courseTitle = courseTitle;
    }

    public List<Student> getStudentList() {
        return StudentList;
    }

    public void setStudentList(List<Student> studentList) {
        StudentList = studentList;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Course [id=" + id + ", courseTitle=" + courseTitle + ", StudentList=" + StudentList + "]";
    }

}

例外

Exception in thread "main" org.hibernate.TransientObjectException: object references an unsaved transient instance - save the transient instance before flushing: manytomany.demo.Course

Answer 1

正如其他人建议的那样，您可以在所有相关实体上显式调用 session.save，或者您可以使用 Hibernate 特定 @Cascade 注释，如下所示。

@Cascade(CascadeType.SAVE_UPDATE)

在任何关联上使用cascade={CascadeType.ALL} 的警告是，一旦对父对象调用 delete，您将删除所有子对象（或表中的行）。所以要小心一点。

Answer 2

您已经为持久化和合并定义了级联模式，但为了保存，您必须声明 cascade=ALL 或手动保存相关实体：

cascade=CascadeType.ALL

Answer 3

你应该尝试而不是

session.save()

使用

session.persist()

Answer 4

试试这个，它对我有用

Student s = new Student();
       s.setName("Gopal");
Course c1 = new Course();
       c1.setCourseTitle("courseTitle1");   
Course c2 = new Course();
       c2.setCourseTitle("courseTitle2");

// adding courses to student entity
 s. getCourseList().add(c1);
 s. getCourseList().add(c2);


// adding a student to courses.
 c1.getStudentList().add(s);
 c2.getStudentList().add(s);


 // saving all entities to DB.
     session.save(s);
     session.save(c1);
     session.save(c2);    

    transaction.commit();
    session.flush();