Java Regex 在任何位置都有一个匹配和两个否定

Question

我必须匹配一个关键字，前提是它不是在复合 URL 或某些单词的句子中。比如关键字.NET，字符串不能有http://，.NET后面的字符不能是work 或 flix，但可以是 framework 或任何其他词，甚至什么都不是。正则表达式必须不区分大小写。

我有这些例子要匹配：

• 框架 .NET
• 那是.NET框架
• 微软.NET
• .NET框架（更新）
• .net框架（更新）
• .net（更新）

这些例子不匹配：

• 这是一个 URL http://www.my.net/ 不匹配
• 网络不匹配，因为缺少点
• .NET工作已完成
• Microsoft.NetworkAndSharingCenter
• 4df9e0f8.netflix_mcm4njqhnhss8
• .net工作（更新）
• .Net工作（更新）

我写了这个模式：

(?i)(.*)(?!.*http\:\/\/.*)(\.net)(?!.*work)(?!.*flix)(.*)

我在下面编写了这些测试用例，但 testMatch_02() 和 testNotMatch_01() 都失败了，我无法弄清楚原因。

更新 1

我又添加了三个测试用例：testNotMatch_03()、testNotMatch_04() 和 testNotMatch_05()。他们对给定的正则表达式运行良好。但是testMatch_02() 和testNotMatch_01() 仍然如前所述失败。我决定添加这些新的测试用例，以澄清在 .NET 之前并不总是会有空格。

更新 2

我已将一些模式从(?i)(.*)(?!.*http\:\/\/.*)(\.net)(?!.*work)(?!.*flix)(.*) 更改为(?i)(.*)(?!http\\:\\/\\/)(.*)(\\.net)(?!work|flix)(.*)。因此，除了testNotMatch_01() 之外，所有测试用例都运行良好。我已经更新了测试的代码，以防有人想用这个新模式运行它。

更新 3

拜托，如果有人之前运行过测试用例并根据它做出假设，我将非常感激。我们可以避免在聊天对话中提出这个问题。

更新 4

重要的是，不仅列出的示例必须通过，而且正则表达式必须根据问题原始措辞中的描述进行验证。在与@Thomas 交谈后，我在下面的代码中包含了三个新的匹配示例和两个新的不匹配示例，以及@Thomas 提供的正则表达式。另外，我把代码改成了@Thomas 提供的代码，更简单更短，就像他的正则表达式一样。

package com.regex;

public class TestRegex
{
    //private static final String regex = "(?i)(.*)(?!.*http\\:\\/\\/.*)(\\.net)(?!.*work)(?!.*flix)(.*)";
    //private static final String regex = "(?i)(.*)(?!http\\:\\/\\/)(.*)(\\.net)(?!work|flix)(.*)";
    private static final String regex = "(?i).*( |microsoft).net($|Framework)"; //@Thomas

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String str = "The framework .NET";
        System.out.println("testMatch_01() must match: [" + str + "] =>  " + str.matches(regex));

        str = "That is .NETFramework";
        System.out.println("testMatch_02() must match: [" + str + "] =>  " + str.matches(regex));

        str = "Microsoft.NET";
        System.out.println("testMatch_03() must match: [" + str + "] =>  " + str.matches(regex));

        str = "That is .netframework";
        System.out.println("testMatch_04() must match: [" + str + "] =>  " + str.matches(regex));

        str = ".netframework";
        System.out.println("testMatch_05() must match: [" + str + "] =>  " + str.matches(regex));

        str = ".NETFramework";
        System.out.println("testMatch_06() must match: [" + str + "] =>  " + str.matches(regex));

        str = "This is a URL http://www.my.net";
        System.out.println("testNotMatch_01() must not match: [" + str + "] =>  " + str.matches(regex));

        str = "The Network isn't matching because the missing point";
        System.out.println("testNotMatch_02() must not match: [" + str + "] =>  " + str.matches(regex));

        str = "The .NETwork is up";
        System.out.println("testNotMatch_03() must not match: [" + str + "] =>  " + str.matches(regex));

        str = "Microsoft.NetworkAndSharingCenter";
        System.out.println("testNotMatch_04() must not match: [" + str + "] =>  " + str.matches(regex));

        str = "4df9e0f8.netflix_mcm4njqhnhss8";
        System.out.println("testNotMatch_05() must not match: [" + str + "] =>  " + str.matches(regex));
    }

}

以上代码的输出为：

使用正则表达式 (?i)(.*)(?!http\\:\\/\\/)(.*)(\\.net)(?!work|flix)(.*)
testNotMatch_01() 失败

testMatch_01() must match: [The framework .NET] =>  true
testMatch_02() must match: [That is .NETFramework] =>  true
testMatch_03() must match: [Microsoft.NET] =>  true
testMatch_04() must match: [That is .netframework] =>  true
testMatch_05() must match: [.netframework] =>  true
testMatch_06() must match: [.NETFramework] =>  true
testNotMatch_01() must not match: [This is a URL http://www.my.net] =>  true
testNotMatch_02() must not match: [The Network isn't matching because the missing point] =>  false
testNotMatch_03() must not match: [The .NETwork is up] =>  false
testNotMatch_04() must not match: [Microsoft.NetworkAndSharingCenter] =>  false
testNotMatch_05() must not match: [4df9e0f8.netflix_mcm4njqhnhss8] =>  false

使用正则表达式 (?i).*( |microsoft).net($|Framework)
testMatch_05() 和 testMatch_06() 失败

testMatch_01() must match: [The framework .NET] =>  true
testMatch_02() must match: [That is .NETFramework] =>  true
testMatch_03() must match: [Microsoft.NET] =>  true
testMatch_04() must match: [That is .netframework] =>  true
testMatch_05() must match: [.netframework] =>  false
testMatch_06() must match: [.NETFramework] =>  false
testNotMatch_01() must not match: [This is a URL http://www.my.net] =>  false
testNotMatch_02() must not match: [The Network isn't matching because the missing point] =>  false
testNotMatch_03() must not match: [The .NETwork is up] =>  false
testNotMatch_04() must not match: [Microsoft.NetworkAndSharingCenter] =>  false
testNotMatch_05() must not match: [4df9e0f8.netflix_mcm4njqhnhss8] =>  false

Answer 1

此正则表达式适用于您的所有示例：

^(?i)(?!.*http:\/\/).*?\.net(?!work|flix).*

见live demo。

请注意，您的反例“网络不匹配，因为缺少点”具有误导性，因为它也不应该匹配，因为“.net”后面跟着“工作”。