【发布时间】：2020-11-29 13:53:08
【问题描述】：
我是一个 C 初学者，正在尝试这个和那个。
一般来说，我想使用特殊字符"blocks" 来进行某种百分比显示。
一个是3x3 char矩阵上的一种饼图，一个是从下往上往上填充一个char，最后一串两个char应该从左到右显示增长到100%。
基本上它似乎可以解决，但显然我的控制台在显示输出方面存在一些问题。未正确显示的字符似乎导致标准输出不来 \n。
一些研究让我相信终端的语言环境设置（debian 衍生版本上的 bash）在显示字符方面存在一些问题，而 Code::Blocks 在显示字符方面没有问题，甚至显示了一些字符正确。抱歉，我也对这里的 unicode 和 utf-8 感到有些困惑。
在下面的屏幕显示中，您可以看到显示的一些代码、我的语言环境设置以及代码的一些输出。
我该如何解决这个问题？
顺便说一句：如果可能的话，我想坚持使用 printf 以使事情变得容易。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <locale.h>
// some little helpers
# define hideCursor() printf("\e[?25l")
# define showCursor() printf("\e[?25h")
# define clear() printf("\033[H\033[J")
// # define WIDE_ORIENTED 1
int msleep(long tms);
int main()
{
setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
// fwide( stdout, WIDE_ORIENTED );
char percentage[21][4][4] = {{" "," "," "," 0"},
{" ▐ "," "," "," 5"},
{" ▐▌"," "," "," 10"},
{" ▐▛"," "," "," 15"},
{" ▐█"," "," "," 20"},
{" ▐█"," ▀"," "," 25"},
{" ▐█"," █"," "," 30"},
{" ▐█"," █"," ▀"," 35"},
{" ▐█"," █"," ▜"," 40"},
{" ▐█"," █"," █"," 45"},
{" ▐█"," █"," ▐█"," 50"},
{" ▐█"," █"," ██"," 55"},
{" ▐█"," █","▐██"," 60"},
{" ▐█"," █","▟██"," 65"},
{" ▐█"," █","███"," 70"},
{" ▐█","▄ █","███"," 75"},
{" ▐█","█ █","███"," 80"},
{"▄▐█","█ █","███"," 85"},
{"▙▐█","█ █","███"," 90"},
{"█▐█","█ █","███"," 95"},
{"███","█ █","███","100"}};
char percentageUpwards[10] = {" ▁▂▃▄▅▆▇██"};
char percentageSidewards[20][2] = {" ","▏ ","▎ ","▍ ","▌ ","▌ ","▋ ","▊ ","█ ","▉ ","▉▏","▉▎","▉▍","▉▌","▉▌","▉▋","▉▊","▉█","▉▉","▉▉"};
// does already nor work :-/
clear();
int counter = 0;
for (int i = 0 ; i <= 100 ; i++) {
//printf("%d %d\n", (i), (i % 5));
if ((i % 5) == 0) {
clear();
printf("Squared Percentage:\n");
printf("%s\n",percentage[counter][0]);
printf("%s\n",percentage[counter][1]);
printf("%s\n",percentage[counter][2]);
printf("%s\n",percentage[counter][3]);
msleep(500); // nappy for easier following
counter++;
}
}
// only a percentage display going upwards
counter = 0;
for (int i = 0 ; i <= 100 ; i++) {
if ((i % 11) == 0) {
clear();
printf("Upwards:\n");
printf("%c\n", percentageUpwards[counter]);
fflush(stdout);
printf("%d\n", i);
msleep(500); // nappy for easier following
counter++;
}
}
// only a percentage display going upwards
counter = 0;
for (int i = 0 ; i <= 100 ; i++) {
if ((i % 5) == 0) {
clear();
printf("Sidewards:\n");
printf("%s\n", percentageSidewards[counter]);
fflush(stdout);
printf("%d\n", i);
msleep(500); // nappy for easier following
counter++;
}
}
// Test only
printf("%s\n", percentage[15][0]);
printf("%s\n", percentage[15][1]);
printf("%s\n", percentage[15][2]);
printf("%s\n", percentage[15][3]);
printf("\n");
printf("%c\n", percentageUpwards[5]);
printf("\n");
printf("%s\n", percentageSidewards[10]);
return 0;
}
// have a nap in 1/1000th of a second steps
int msleep(long tms)
{
struct timespec ts;
int ret;
if (tms < 0) {
return -1;
}
ts.tv_sec = tms / 1000;
ts.tv_nsec = (tms % 1000) * 1000000;
do {
ret = nanosleep(&ts, &ts);
}
while (ret);
return ret;
}
【问题讨论】：
-
检查终端中是否启用了 UTF8。 stackoverflow.com/questions/5306153/…
-
我怀疑您的
percentage数组在第三维中需要更多空间 - 将第二个 4 更改为至少 5。我不记得您正在使用的块字符的 Unicode 代码点，但在 UTF-8 中，每个字节至少需要两个甚至三个字节。 -
也许使用 L" " 语法来处理文字字符串？ wchar_t 代表字符。
-
@Florent 谢谢，我仔细检查了，但它是 utf-8。 （另见屏幕截图。）无论如何，我认为你是对的，这是（除了我的数组的尺寸错误）问题。您使用 litteral 字符串和 wchar_t 的解决方案我也读过，但对于我卑微的开端来说似乎有些先进:-)
标签： c unicode utf-8 printf locale