如何在 ANSI 引用的字符串中回显变量

Question

我需要像这样执行 curl 命令：

#!/bin/bash

shopid=9932781
itemid=231873991
curl -sSb /tmp/cookies 'https://website.com' -H 'cookie: csrftoken=mytoken' -H 'x-csrftoken: mytoken' -H 'content-type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary' -H 'referer: https://website.com' \
  --data-binary $'------WebKitFormBoundary\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="shopid"\r\n\r\n${shopid}\r\n------WebKitFormBoundary\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="itemid"\r\n\r\n${itemid}\r\n------WebKitFormBoundary\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="quantity"\r\n\r\n1\r\n------WebKitFormBoundary\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="donot_add_quantity"\r\n\r\nfalse\r\n------WebKitFormBoundary\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="update_checkout_only"\r\n\r\nfalse\r\n------WebKitFormBoundary\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="source"\r\n\r\n\r\n------WebKitFormBoundary\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="checkout"\r\n\r\ntrue\r\n------WebKitFormBoundary--\r\n'

$'' 引号是必需的，否则（即在双引号的情况下）\r\n 将不起作用 - 但在这种形式下，$shopid 和 $item 不会被替换为它们的值.

如何获得这两种行为？

Answer 1

您需要使该代码可维护

binary_data=$( cat <<END_DATA | sed 's/$/\r/'
------WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="shopid"

${shopid}
------WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="itemid"

${itemid}
------WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="quantity"

1
------WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="donot_add_quantity"

false
------WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="update_checkout_only"

false
------WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="source"


------WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="checkout"

true
------WebKitFormBoundary--
END_DATA
)

curl_opts=( 
    -sSb /tmp/cookies 
    -H 'cookie: csrftoken=mytoken' 
    -H 'x-csrftoken: mytoken' 
    -H 'content-type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary' 
    -H 'referer: https://website.com' 
    --data-binary "$binary_data"
)

curl "${curl_opts[@]}" 'https://website.com' 

Answer 2

您可以在单个字符串中使用多种引用样式。因此：

$'Constant\r\n\n\r\n'"$bar"

...\r\ns 使用 $'...' 规则解析，但 $bar 使用双引号规则扩展（这样扩展也会发生）。

Answer 3

变量不以“单引号”扩展。

了解引用的工作原理很重要：

“双引号”每个包含空格/元字符和每个扩展的文字："$var"、"$(command "$var")"、"${array[@]}"、"a & b"。将'single quotes' 用于代码或文字$'s: 'Costs $5 US'、ssh host 'echo "$HOSTNAME"'。看 http://mywiki.wooledge.org/Quotes
http://mywiki.wooledge.org/Arguments
http://wiki.bash-hackers.org/syntax/words

---

所以，试试这个：

data="------WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name='shopid'

${shopid}
------WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name='itemid'

${itemid}
------WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name='quantity'

1
------WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name='donot_add_quantity'

false
------WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name='update_checkout_only'

false
------WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name='source'


------WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name='checkout'

true
------WebKitFormBoundary--"

data="$(sed 's/$/\r/' <<< "$data")"

curl -sSb /tmp/cookies \
    -H 'cookie: csrftoken=mytoken' \
    -H 'x-csrftoken: mytoken' \
    -H 'content-type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary' \
    -H 'referer: https://website.com' \
    --data-binary "$data" \
    'https://website.com'