无法将 pip 从 1.5.4 升级到最新版本答案

【问题标题】：Cannot upgrade pip from 1.5.4 to latest version无法将 pip 从 1.5.4 升级到最新版本
【发布时间】：2017-03-06 20:09:30
【问题描述】：

我正在运行 ubuntu gnome 14.04，并为 python 2.7.6 和 python 3.4.3 安装了 pip 1.5.4。

我想将 pip 升级到最新版本，但是当我运行命令时 pip install -U pip 我收到以下错误。

Downloading/unpacking pip from https://pypi.python.org/packages/b6/ac/7015eb97dc749283ffdec1c3a88ddb8ae03b8fad0f0e611408f196358da3/pip-9.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl#md5=297dbd16ef53bcef0447d245815f5144
  Downloading pip-9.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.3MB): 1.3MB downloaded
Installing collected packages: pip
  Found existing installation: pip 1.5.4
    Not uninstalling pip at /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages, owned by OS
  Can't roll back pip; was not uninstalled
Cleaning up...
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 122, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 283, in run
    requirement_set.install(install_options, global_options, root=options.root_path)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 1436, in install
    requirement.install(install_options, global_options, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 672, in install
    self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 902, in move_wheel_files
    pycompile=self.pycompile,
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 206, in move_wheel_files
    clobber(source, lib_dir, True)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 193, in clobber
    os.makedirs(destsubdir)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 157, in makedirs
    mkdir(name, mode)
OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip'

Storing debug log for failure in /tmp/tmpDLrBk_

关于使用 sudo ，即 ;

sudo pip install -U pip

错误 -

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
python-pip is already the newest version.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 58 not upgraded.
alzio@alzio-HP-Pavilion-Notebook:/$ sudo -H pip install --upgrade pip
Cannot fetch index base URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/
Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement pip in /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
Downloading/unpacking pip
Cleaning up...
No distributions at all found for pip in /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
Storing debug log for failure in /root/.pip/pip.log

【问题讨论】：

在 python 中编程时应该使用virtual environments。它使依赖项分开，您不应该有任何权限错误。
如果您通过 Ubuntu 软件包 (python-pip) 安装了 pip，则不应尝试通过 pip 升级它；您应该等待 Ubuntu 升级它，或者找到更新的 apt 兼容源。如果你想要比 Ubuntu 使用的更新的东西，你应该安装 virtualenv。
@Craicerjack virtualenv 不是必需的。如果你想在系统范围内使用一个包，你应该正常安装它。
您可以随时卸载 pip，以任何安装方式并使用这些说明进行全新安装 - pip.pypa.io/en/stable/installing
@all 实际上，我真正想做的是将我的 Django 从 1.6 升级到 1.9，但是在运行 pip install -U Django 时遇到错误：- Cannot fetch index base URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/ Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement Django in /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages 我搜索了一下，发现这与点子版本

标签： python ubuntu pip

【解决方案1】：

我遇到了同样的问题。我使用

备份了我的 pip 安装

sudo mv /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip* .
sudo mv /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip local_pip

然后我下载了一个引导脚本并执行了它：

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
sudo python get-pip.py

可以通过执行确认pip升级成功

pip -V

我从pypa 获得了引导链接。我很感激反馈，因为我很确定这可以简化，但重置我的 pip 版本可能会很棘手。

【讨论】：