Android：Proguard 的推荐配置是什么？

Question

我正在为 Android 开发应用程序并使用 Proguard 来混淆代码。

目前我正在使用 ProGuard 配置：

-optimizationpasses 5
-dontusemixedcaseclassnames
-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclasses
-dontpreverify
-verbose
-optimizations !code/simplification/arithmetic,!field/*,!class/merging/*

-keep public class * extends android.app.Activity
-keep public class * extends android.app.Application
-keep public class * extends android.app.Service
-keep public class * extends android.content.BroadcastReceiver
-keep public class * extends android.content.ContentProvider
-keep public class com.android.vending.licensing.ILicensingService

维护用于布局 XML 的自定义组件名称：

-keep public class custom.components.**

要删除调试日志：

-assumenosideeffects class android.util.Log {
    public static *** d(...);
    public static *** v(...);
}

为了避免更改布局的 onClick 上调用的方法的名称：

-keepclassmembers class * {
 public void onClickButton1(android.view.View);
 public void onClickButton2(android.view.View);
 public void onClickButton3(android.view.View);
}

-keepclasseswithmembernames class * {
    native <methods>;
}

-keepclasseswithmembernames class * {
    public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet);
}

-keepclasseswithmembernames class * {
    public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet, int);
}

-keepclassmembers enum * {
    public static **[] values();
    public static ** valueOf(java.lang.String);
}

-keep class * implements android.os.Parcelable {
  public static final android.os.Parcelable$Creator *;
}

问题是（是）：

还有其他推荐的标签吗？为什么和为什么？

可以对 proguard.cfg 文件进行评论吗？我想将它与 cmets 一起用于某些行正在做什么，以便其他开发人员不会怀疑我为什么添加。

同样在proguard中，是否可以维护文件的注释标题（具有版权）？如果不是，或者这不是一个好的政策，我应该在哪里添加版权？

Answer 1

Android SDK（r20 或更高版本）

请检查 project.properties 中引用的预定义 proguard.config

proguard.config=${sdk.dir}/tools/proguard/proguard-android.txt

更多信息：http://proguard.sourceforge.net/manual/examples.html#androidapplication

您可以在此处查看我不断更新的proguard“默认”文件：https://medium.com/code-procedure-and-rants/android-my-standard-proguard-ffeceaf65521

---

Android SDK（r19 或更低版本）

根据我的回答Enabling ProGuard in Eclipse for Android，我最终得到了这个通用文件。我添加了 cmets 来记住每行的用途。它可能会帮助人们，所以这里是：

-optimizationpasses 5

#When not preverifing in a case-insensitive filing system, such as Windows. Because this tool unpacks your processed jars, you should then use:
-dontusemixedcaseclassnames

#Specifies not to ignore non-public library classes. As of version 4.5, this is the default setting
-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclasses

#Preverification is irrelevant for the dex compiler and the Dalvik VM, so we can switch it off with the -dontpreverify option.
-dontpreverify

#Specifies to write out some more information during processing. If the program terminates with an exception, this option will print out the entire stack trace, instead of just the exception message.
-verbose

#The -optimizations option disables some arithmetic simplifications that Dalvik 1.0 and 1.5 can't handle. Note that the Dalvik VM also can't handle aggressive overloading (of static fields).
#To understand or change this check http://proguard.sourceforge.net/index.html#/manual/optimizations.html
-optimizations !code/simplification/arithmetic,!field/*,!class/merging/*

#To repackage classes on a single package
#-repackageclasses ''

#Uncomment if using annotations to keep them.
#-keepattributes *Annotation*

#Keep classes that are referenced on the AndroidManifest
-keep public class * extends android.app.Activity
-keep public class * extends android.app.Application
-keep public class * extends android.app.Service
-keep public class * extends android.content.BroadcastReceiver
-keep public class * extends android.content.ContentProvider
-keep public class com.android.vending.licensing.ILicensingService


#To remove debug logs:
-assumenosideeffects class android.util.Log {
    public static *** d(...);
    public static *** v(...);
}

#To avoid changing names of methods invoked on layout's onClick.
# Uncomment and add specific method names if using onClick on layouts
#-keepclassmembers class * {
# public void onClickButton(android.view.View);
#}

#Maintain java native methods 
-keepclasseswithmembernames class * {
    native <methods>;
}

#To maintain custom components names that are used on layouts XML.
#Uncomment if having any problem with the approach below
#-keep public class custom.components.package.and.name.**

#To maintain custom components names that are used on layouts XML:
-keep public class * extends android.view.View {
    public <init>(android.content.Context);
    public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet);
    public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet, int);
    public void set*(...);
}

-keepclasseswithmembers class * {
    public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet);
}

-keepclasseswithmembers class * {
    public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet, int);
}

#Maintain enums
-keepclassmembers enum * {
    public static **[] values();
    public static ** valueOf(java.lang.String);
}

#To keep parcelable classes (to serialize - deserialize objects to sent through Intents)
-keep class * implements android.os.Parcelable {
  public static final android.os.Parcelable$Creator *;
}

#Keep the R
-keepclassmembers class **.R$* {
    public static <fields>;
}

###### ADDITIONAL OPTIONS NOT USED NORMALLY

#To keep callback calls. Uncomment if using any
#http://proguard.sourceforge.net/index.html#/manual/examples.html#callback
#-keep class mypackage.MyCallbackClass {
#   void myCallbackMethod(java.lang.String);
#}

#Uncomment if using Serializable 
#-keepclassmembers class * implements java.io.Serializable {
#    private static final java.io.ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields;
#    private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream);
#    private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream);
#    java.lang.Object writeReplace();
#    java.lang.Object readResolve();
#}

Answer 2

对于使用 Ant 或 Eclipse 的标准构建，Android SDK（r20 或更高版本）已经提供了合适的配置，由文件 project.properties 中的属性 proguard.config 引用（正如 Michal 指出的那样在他的回答中）。在旧版本中，您始终必须指定自己的完整配置，因此旧建议（如第一个答案）可能会导致一些混乱。

对于自定义构建，您可以在ProGuard manual > Examples > A complete Android application 中找到最新的推荐配置。 Proguard distribution 还包含一个示例文件examples/android.pro

值得注意的是，您可能希望在视图扩展中保留注释和设置器。

您可以在哈希字符“#”之后添加 cmets，如示例文件中所做的那样。

Answer 3

在名为 project.properties 的项目文件中，设置以下值：

proguard.config=${sdk.dir}/tools/proguard/proguard-android.txt

这将从 Android SDK 获取最新版本的 Proguard 设置。