批处理文件 - 格式化日期/时间以进行记录答案

【问题标题】：Batch File - Format Date/Time For Logging批处理文件 - 格式化日期/时间以进行记录
【发布时间】：2017-10-06 11:10:33
【问题描述】：

我编写了一个脚本，该脚本每晚 23:00 由任务计划程序执行，以使 NAS01 启动 NAS02（如果它尚未打开），执行 GoodSync 作业以备份 NAS01，并在完成后关闭 NAS02。该脚本并不漂亮，但它可以完成工作。我遇到的问题是时间戳。我设置变量来设置日期和时间的格式，但是，这只会引用整个脚本的变量的时间戳。如何保持格式，但能够在每个调用点获取日期和时间？

从脚本中可以看出，日志文件名有日期/时间格式，日志文件中的日志记录有日期/时间格式。我的格式会发生什么：

强制 24 小时制
将小时的前导空格替换为“0”（IE“6:30”变为“06:30”）
文件名的时间格式为 HHMM，日志记录的时间格式为 HH:MM:SS
文件名的日期格式为 YYYYMMDD，日志记录的日期格式为 YYYY/MM/DD

脚本：

@ECHO off
REM Change CMD window color and size.
color 37
mode 180,50

REM ### Set variables
SET IPADDRESS1=11.11.11.20
SET IPADDRESS2=10.0.3.1
SET HH=%time:~-11,2%
SET MM=%time:~-8,2%
SET SS=%time:~-5,2%
SET NAMETIMESTR=%HH: =0%%MM%
SET LOGTIMESTR=%HH: =0%:%MM%:%SS%
SET MYDATE=%DATE:~4,10%
SET NAMEDATESTR=%MYDATE:~6,4%%MYDATE:~0,2%%MYDATE:~3,2%
SET LOGDATESTR=%MYDATE:~6,4%/%MYDATE:~0,2%/%MYDATE:~3,2%
SET LOGFILE=C:\!SCRIPTS\logs\7xNAS02-GSync-%NAMEDATESTR%_%NAMETIMESTR%.txt


:START
    REM ### Checks IF 7xNAS02 is online. IF not, power it on.
    ECHO ################################################################################################################################ >> %LOGFILE%
    ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  EXECUTING GSYNC SCRIPT >> %LOGFILE%
    ECHO ################################################################################################################################ >> %LOGFILE%
    ECHO.
    ECHO This is an automated script to backup the storage array on 7xNAS01 onto 7xNAS02.
    ECHO IF 7xNAS02 isn't powered on, the script will boot 7xNAS02, wait for it to come online,
    ECHO and then execute the "STORAGE" backup job in GoodSync.
    ECHO.
    ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  Checking power status of 7xNAS02... >> %LOGFILE%
    ECHO Checking power status of 7xNAS02...
    ECHO.
    ping -n 1 %ipaddress1% | findstr TTL && GOTO ALREADY_ON
    ping -n 1 %ipaddress1% | findstr TTL || GOTO POWER_ON


:ALREADY_ON
    REM Sets variable to dictate that the server was already on before executing the script.
    ECHO.
    ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  7xNAS02 is already powered on and available. >> %LOGFILE%
    ECHO 7xNAS02 is already powered on and available.
    ECHO.
    SET previously_off=1
    GOTO EXECUTE_BACKUP


:POWER_ON
    REM ### Powers on 7xNAS02
    ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  7xNAS02 is offline. Powering on now. >> %LOGFILE%
    ECHO 7xNAS02 is offline. Powering on now.
    ECHO.
    SET previously_off=0
    PowerShell -NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command "& 'C:\!SCRIPTS\7xNAS02-Power-On.ps1'" >> %LOGFILE%
    ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  Pinging 7xNAS02 until it's available... >> %LOGFILE%
    ECHO Pinging 7xNAS02 until it's available...
    ECHO.
    GOTO CHECK_IF_READY


:CHECK_IF_READY
    REM ### Continually pings 7xNAS02 until it is online.

    ping -n 1 %ipaddress1% | findstr TTL || GOTO CHECK_IF_READY
    ping -n 1 %ipaddress1% | findstr TTL && GOTO EXECUTE_BACKUP


:EXECUTE_BACKUP
    REM ### Executes GoodSync backup job, "STORAGE."
    ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  Executing "STORAGE" backup job. >> %LOGFILE%
    ECHO Executing "STORAGE" backup job.
    ECHO.
    C:\"Program Files"\"Siber Systems"\Goodsync\gsync sync "STORAGE" >> %LOGFILE%
    IF %previously_off% == 0 (
        ECHO.
        ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  Sync job done. Shutting down 7xNAS02... >> %LOGFILE%
        ECHO Sync job done. Shutting down 7xNAS02...
        shutdown /m \\7xNAS02 /s /f /d p:0:0 /c "Executed by 7xNAS02-GSync-Script on 7xNAS01."
        GOTO SHUTDOWNCHECK

    )
    IF %previously_off% == 1 (
        ECHO.
        ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  Sync job done. 7xNAS02 will stay powered on. >> %LOGFILE%
        ECHO Sync job done. 7xNAS02 will stay powered on.
        ECHO.
    )
    GOTO END


:SHUTDOWNCHECK
    ping -n 5 %ipaddress1% >nul
    IF ERRORLEVEL 1 (
        REM ### 7xNAS02 has powered off.
        ECHO.
        ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  7xNAS02 has powered off. >> %LOGFILE%
        ECHO 7xNAS02 has powered off.
        GOTO END
    )
    REM ### 7xNAS02 is still on. Looping to check IF the server has shut down.
    ECHO ...
    GOTO SHUTDOWNCHECK  


:END
    REM pause
    ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  END OF SCRIPT >> %LOGFILE%
    exit

编辑：感谢@Mofi，更新后的工作脚本如下。

@ECHO off
REM Change CMD window color and size.
color 37
mode 180,50

REM ### Set variables
SET IPADDRESS1=11.11.11.20
SET IPADDRESS2=10.0.3.1
CALL :GETDATETIME
SET LOGFILE=C:\!SCRIPTS\logs\7xNAS02-GSync-%NAMEDATESTR%_%NAMETIMESTR%.txt


:START
    REM ### Checks IF 7xNAS02 is online. IF not, power it on.
    ECHO ################################################################################################################################ >> %LOGFILE%
    CALL :GETDATETIME
    ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  EXECUTING GSYNC SCRIPT >> %LOGFILE%
    ECHO ################################################################################################################################ >> %LOGFILE%
    ECHO/
    ECHO This is an automated script to backup the storage array on 7xNAS01 onto 7xNAS02.
    ECHO IF 7xNAS02 isn't powered on, the script will boot 7xNAS02, wait for it to come online,
    ECHO and then execute the "STORAGE" backup job in GoodSync.
    ECHO/
    CALL :GETDATETIME
    ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  Checking power status of 7xNAS02... >> %LOGFILE%
    ECHO Checking power status of 7xNAS02...
    ECHO/
    ping -n 1 %ipaddress1% | findstr TTL && GOTO ALREADY_ON
    ping -n 1 %ipaddress1% | findstr TTL || GOTO POWER_ON


:ALREADY_ON
    REM Sets variable to dictate that the server was already on before executing the script.
    ECHO/
    CALL :GETDATETIME
    ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  7xNAS02 is already powered on and available. >> %LOGFILE%
    ECHO 7xNAS02 is already powered on and available.
    ECHO/
    SET previously_off=1
    GOTO EXECUTE_BACKUP


:POWER_ON
    REM ### Powers on 7xNAS02
    CALL :GETDATETIME
    ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  7xNAS02 is offline. Powering on now. >> %LOGFILE%
    ECHO 7xNAS02 is offline. Powering on now.
    ECHO/
    SET previously_off=0
    PowerShell -NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command "& 'C:\!SCRIPTS\7xNAS02-Power-On.ps1'" >> %LOGFILE%
    CALL :GETDATETIME
    ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  Pinging 7xNAS02 until it's available... >> %LOGFILE%
    ECHO Pinging 7xNAS02 until it's available...
    ECHO/
    GOTO CHECK_IF_READY


:CHECK_IF_READY
    REM ### Continually pings 7xNAS02 until it is online.

    ping -n 1 %ipaddress1% | findstr TTL || GOTO CHECK_IF_READY
    ping -n 1 %ipaddress1% | findstr TTL && GOTO EXECUTE_BACKUP


:EXECUTE_BACKUP
    REM ### Executes GoodSync backup job, "STORAGE."
    CALL :GETDATETIME
    ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  Executing "STORAGE" backup job. >> %LOGFILE%
    ECHO Executing "STORAGE" backup job.
    ECHO/
    C:\"Program Files"\"Siber Systems"\Goodsync\gsync sync "STORAGE" >> %LOGFILE%
    IF %previously_off% == 0 (
        ECHO/
        CALL :GETDATETIME
        ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  Sync job done. Shutting down 7xNAS02... >> %LOGFILE%
        ECHO Sync job done. Shutting down 7xNAS02...
        shutdown /m \\7xNAS02 /s /f /d p:0:0 /c "Executed by 7xNAS02-GSync-Script on 7xNAS01."
        GOTO SHUTDOWNCHECK

    )
    IF %previously_off% == 1 (
        ECHO/
        CALL :GETDATETIME
        ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  Sync job done. 7xNAS02 will stay powered on. >> %LOGFILE%
        ECHO Sync job done. 7xNAS02 will stay powered on.
        ECHO/
    )
    GOTO END


:SHUTDOWNCHECK
    ping -n 5 %ipaddress1% >nul
    IF ERRORLEVEL 1 (
        REM ### 7xNAS02 has powered off.
        ECHO/
        CALL :GETDATETIME
        ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  7xNAS02 has powered off. >> %LOGFILE%
        ECHO 7xNAS02 has powered off.
        GOTO END
    )
    REM ### 7xNAS02 is still on. Looping to check IF the server has shut down.
    ECHO ...
    GOTO SHUTDOWNCHECK  


:END
    REM pause
    CALL :GETDATETIME
    ECHO %LOGDATESTR% %LOGTIMESTR%  END OF SCRIPT >> %LOGFILE%
    exit


:GETDATETIME
    SET "HH=%time:~-11,2%"
    SET "MM=%time:~-8,2%"
    SET "SS=%time:~-5,2%"
    SET "NAMETIMESTR=%HH: =0%%MM%"
    SET "LOGTIMESTR=%HH: =0%:%MM%:%SS%"
    SET "MYDATE=%DATE:~4,10%"
    SET "NAMEDATESTR=%MYDATE:~6,4%%MYDATE:~0,2%%MYDATE:~3,2%"
    SET "LOGDATESTR=%MYDATE:~6,4%/%MYDATE:~0,2%/%MYDATE:~3,2%"
    GOTO :EOF

【问题讨论】：

标签： date datetime batch-file cmd timestamp

【解决方案1】：

使用区域相关但访问速度更快的DATE 和TIME 环境变量的简单解决方案是使用子例程。

在最后一个命令exit 行之后附加到批处理文件的末尾：

:GetDateTime
SET "HH=%time:~-11,2%"
SET "MM=%time:~-8,2%"
SET "SS=%time:~-5,2%"
SET "NAMETIMESTR=%HH: =0%%MM%"
SET "LOGTIMESTR=%HH: =0%:%MM%:%SS%"
SET "MYDATE=%DATE:~4,10%"
SET "NAMEDATESTR=%MYDATE:~6,4%%MYDATE:~0,2%%MYDATE:~3,2%"
SET "LOGDATESTR=%MYDATE:~6,4%/%MYDATE:~0,2%/%MYDATE:~3,2%"
GOTO :EOF

这是子程序GetDateTime。并删除批处理文件顶部的行，这些行也设置了这些环境变量。

在每行上方使用LOGDATESTR 或LOGTIMESTR 插入该行：

CALL :GetDateTime

在命令提示符窗口call /? 中运行以获取有关此方法的更多信息，以在批处理文件中嵌入批处理文件并将其作为子例程调用。

再提示：建议使用echo/而不是echo.，见DosTips论坛主题：ECHO. FAILS to give text or blank line - Instead use ECHO/

【讨论】：

谢谢！这正是我所需要的，我很欣赏关于“回声”的提醒。我测试并确认这可以正常工作。