日期时间列表

Question

我得到了一个日期列表，如下所示：

date_list = ['1. Okt 2021', '2. Okt 2021', '3. Okt 2021', '4. Okt 2021', '5. Okt 2021', '6. Okt 2021', '24. Sep 2021', '25. Sep 2021', '26. Sep 2021']

我想转换成日期时间

dates = [datetime.strptime(x,"%d %b %Y") for x in date_list]

输出是：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:/Users/Benutzt/Desktop/web_scraping/main.py", line 27, in <module>
    dates = [datetime.strptime(x,"%d %M %Y") for x in date_list]
  File "c:/Users/Benutzt/Desktop/web_scraping/main.py", line 27, in <listcomp>
    dates = [datetime.strptime(x,"%d %M %Y") for x in date_list]
  File "C:\Users\Benutzt\anaconda3\lib\_strptime.py", line 568, in _strptime_datetime
    tt, fraction, gmtoff_fraction = _strptime(data_string, format)
  File "C:\Users\Benutzt\anaconda3\lib\_strptime.py", line 349, in _strptime
    raise ValueError("time data %r does not match format %r" %
ValueError: time data '1. Okt 2021' does not match format '%d %b %Y'

Answer 1

对于特定语言的月份（或日期）名称，您可以设置locale，例如德语

import locale
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_TIME, 'de_de') # locale (2nd parameter) is platform-specific !

对于有效日期输入的列表，这给出了示例

from datetime import datetime
date_list = ['1. Okt 2021', '2. Okt 2021', '3. Okt 2021', '4. Okt 2021', '5. Okt 2021', '6. Okt 2021', '30. Sep 2021']
dates = [datetime.strptime(x, "%d. %b %Y") for x in date_list]

print(dates)
[datetime.datetime(2021, 10, 1, 0, 0), datetime.datetime(2021, 10, 2, 0, 0), datetime.datetime(2021, 10, 3, 0, 0), datetime.datetime(2021, 10, 4, 0, 0), datetime.datetime(2021, 10, 5, 0, 0), datetime.datetime(2021, 10, 6, 0, 0), datetime.datetime(2021, 9, 30, 0, 0)]

---

旁注：语言环境设置也可以在 pandas 中使用：

import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({'dates': date_list})
df['dates'] = pd.to_datetime(df['dates'], format="%d. %b %Y")

df['dates']
0   2021-10-01
1   2021-10-02
2   2021-10-03
3   2021-10-04
4   2021-10-05
5   2021-10-06
6   2021-09-30
Name: dates, dtype: datetime64[ns]

Answer 2

你可以使用dateparser包：

# Python env: pip install dateparser
# Anaconda env: conda install dateparser
from dateparser import parse

df = pd.DataFrame({'Date': ['1. Okt 2021', '2. Okt 2021', '3. Okt 2021',
                            '4. Okt 2021', '5. Okt 2021', '6. Okt 2021',
                            '24. Sep 2021', '25. Sep 2021', '26. Sep 2021']})

df['Date'] = df['Date'].apply(parse, languages=['de'])
print(df)

# Output:
0   2021-10-01
1   2021-10-02
2   2021-10-03
3   2021-10-04
4   2021-10-05
5   2021-10-06
6   2021-09-24
7   2021-09-25
8   2021-09-26
Name: Date, dtype: datetime64[ns]

对于列表：

date_list = ['1. Okt 2021', '2. Okt 2021', '3. Okt 2021',
             '4. Okt 2021', '5. Okt 2021', '6. Okt 2021',
             '24. Sep 2021', '25. Sep 2021', '26. Sep 2021']

dates = [parse(d, languages=['de']) for d in date_list]
print(dates)

# Output:
[datetime.datetime(2021, 10, 1, 0, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2021, 10, 2, 0, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2021, 10, 3, 0, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2021, 10, 4, 0, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2021, 10, 5, 0, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2021, 10, 6, 0, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2021, 9, 24, 0, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2021, 9, 25, 0, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2021, 9, 26, 0, 0)]

Answer 3

您的日期的第一部分似乎是一个 ID，例如列表中项目的顺序。如果是这样，您需要在转换日期之前将其删除。此外，Okt 与 %b 格式不匹配。您需要将其转换为 Oct。

dates = [datetime.strptime(x.split(".")[-1].strip(), "%b %Y") for x in date_list]