PHP正则表达式替换url路径中的单词

Question

我正在尝试替换 url 路径中的一个单词。

F.e. host.com/path/to/find 应该变成 host.com/path/to/count。

但我显然没有让这个工作。

我试图得到这个组：(?:/count|/find)? 在字符串的末尾

所有在它前面的都用$1/count替换它。

但总是当我尝试在 (?:/count|/find)? 之前获取部分时，我把它搞砸了。

这是一个测试：

编辑：所有键都代表测试（源）url。所有的值都代表预期的结果。

因此，如果路径上没有“/count”，则应该添加它。

如果末尾有“/count”，则无事可做。

如果路径末尾有“/find”，则应更改为“/count”。

如果 url 中有工作的“count”somewhere（如“countleaveMeAlone”），则不应更改（ofc）。

$urls = [

    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to'                => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/'               => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/find'           => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/find/'          => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/find?some=foo'  => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count?some=foo',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/find/?foo=some' => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/?foo=some',

    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count'           => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/'          => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count?some=foo'  => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count?some=foo',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/?foo=some' => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/?foo=some',

    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/toleaveMeAlone'                 => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/toleaveMeAlone',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/leaveMeAlone'                => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/leaveMeAlone',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/countleaveMeAlone'           => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/countleaveMeAlone',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/leaveMeAlone'          => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/leaveMeAlone',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/countleaveMeAlone?some=foo'  => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/countleaveMeAlone?some=foo',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/leaveMeAlone?foo=some' => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/leaveMeAlone?foo=some',
];

$format = "%-70s%-70s%s\r\n";
echo sprintf($format, 'TEST', 'EXPECT', 'SUCCESS');
foreach ($urls as $url => $expect) {
    $tmp = explode('?', $url);
    $url = rtrim($tmp[0], '/');
    $query = isset($tmp[1])
        ? $tmp[1]
        : '';

    /**
     * Pattern
     * /
     *      \A                  --start string
     *      (.*)                --get all before
     *      (?:/count|/find)?   --get optional "/find" or "/count"
     *      \z                  --end string
     * /
     */
    $url = preg_replace(
        "#\A(.*)(?:/count|/find)?\z#",
        '$1/count',
        $url
    );

    $url .= strlen($query)
        ? '?' . $query
        : '';

    echo sprintf($format, $url, $expect, var_export($url === $expect, true));
}

非常感谢任何帮助

Answer 1

$urls = [
'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to'                => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count',
'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/'               => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count',
'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/find'           => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count',
'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/find/'          => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/',
'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/find?some=foo'  => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count?some=foo',
'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/find/?foo=some' => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/?foo=some'];
foreach ($urls as $url => $expect) {   
$new_url = str_replace("find","count",$url);
echo $new_url."<br />";
}

Answer 2

模式：(Pattern/Replacement Demo with Official Explanation)

~^([^?]+?)/?((?:(?:/count|leaveMeAlone)(*SKIP)(*FAIL))|(?:find/??)?)((?:(?<=find)/)?)((?:\?.*)?)$~

外行的崩溃：

• ~ 起始模式分隔符（不是斜线，所以斜线不需要在模式中转义）
• ^匹配字符串的开头
• ([^?]+?) 捕获一个或多个不是问号的字符（惰性/非贪婪）
• /? 匹配零个或一个斜线
• (捕获...
  • (?:(?:/count|leaveMeAlone)(*SKIP)(*FAIL)) 如果在 ? 之前找到 /count 或 leaveMeAlone，则取消整个字符串的资格
  • |或者
  • (?:find/??)? 可选择使用 0 个或一个尾随斜杠捕获 find（惰性）
• ) ...结束捕获
• ((?:(?<=find)/)?) 如果前面有 find，则捕获零或一个斜线
• ((?:\?.*)?)捕获url的可选查询字符串部分
• $匹配字符串的结尾
• ~ 结束模式分隔符

代码：(Demo)

$urls = [
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to'                => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/'               => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/find'           => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/find/'          => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/find?some=foo'  => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count?some=foo',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/find/?foo=some' => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/?foo=some',

    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count'           => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/'          => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count?some=foo'  => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count?some=foo',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/?foo=some' => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/?foo=some',

    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/toleaveMeAlone'                 => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/toleaveMeAlone',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/leaveMeAlone'                => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/leaveMeAlone',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/countleaveMeAlone'           => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/countleaveMeAlone',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/leaveMeAlone'          => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/leaveMeAlone',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/countleaveMeAlone?some=foo'  => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/countleaveMeAlone?some=foo',
    'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/leaveMeAlone?foo=some' => 'http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/leaveMeAlone?foo=some',
];

$pattern='~^([^?]+?)/?((?:(?:/count|leaveMeAlone)(*SKIP)(*FAIL))|(?:find/??)?)((?:(?<=find)/)?)((?:\?.*)?)$~';
$replace='$1/count$3$4';
foreach($urls as $url=>$expected){
    echo "$url\n";                                   // your input
    echo preg_replace($pattern,$replace,$url),"\n";  // my output
    echo "$expected\n\n";                            // your expected output
}

输出：

http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count

http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count

http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/find
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count

http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/find/
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/

http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/find?some=foo
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count?some=foo
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count?some=foo

http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/find/?foo=some
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/?foo=some
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/?foo=some

http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count

http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/

http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count?some=foo
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count?some=foo
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count?some=foo

http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/?foo=some
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/?foo=some
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/?foo=some

http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/toleaveMeAlone
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/toleaveMeAlone
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/toleaveMeAlone

http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/leaveMeAlone
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/leaveMeAlone
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/leaveMeAlone

http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/countleaveMeAlone
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/countleaveMeAlone
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/countleaveMeAlone

http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/leaveMeAlone
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/leaveMeAlone
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/leaveMeAlone

http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/countleaveMeAlone?some=foo
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/countleaveMeAlone?some=foo
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/countleaveMeAlone?some=foo

http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/leaveMeAlone?foo=some
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/leaveMeAlone?foo=some
http://foo-bar.host.com/entity/to/count/leaveMeAlone?foo=some