回形针 S3 Heroku - 缺少必需的：bucket 选项答案

【问题标题】：Paperclip S3 Heroku - missing required :bucket option回形针 S3 Heroku - 缺少必需的：bucket 选项
【发布时间】：2014-01-20 18:43:08
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试在 Heroku 上使用 Paperclip 和 SWS S3 让用户上传图片。

我关注this tutorial 以及我在创建新用户时所拥有的内容

ArgumentError in UsersController#create

app/controllers/users_controller.rb:28:in `create'

我不知道

users_controller.rb

def create
    @user = User.new(params[:user])
    if @user.save
      sign_in @user
      flash[:success] = "Welcome to bequem!"
      redirect_to @user
    else
      render 'new'
    end
  end

new.html.erb

<div class="col-md-4 col-md-offset-4">
<%= provide(:title, 'Sign up') %>
<h1>Sign up</h1>


<%= form_for(@user) do |f| %>
  <%= render 'shared/error_messages', object: f.object %>

  <%= f.label :avatar %><br />
  <%= f.file_field :avatar %>
-->
  <%= f.label :name %>
  <%= f.text_field :name %>

  <%= f.label :email %>
  <%= f.text_field :email %>

  <%= f.label :password %>
  <%= f.password_field :password %>

  <%= f.label :password_confirmation, "Confirmation" %>
  <%= f.password_field :password_confirmation %>

  <%= f.submit "Create my account", :class => "btn btn-large btn-primary" %>
<% end %>


</div>

关于生产和开发的回形针配置

config.paperclip_defaults = {
  :storage => :s3,
  :s3_credentials => {
    :bucket => ENV['xxx'],
    :access_key_id => ENV['xxx'],
    :secret_access_key => ENV['xxx']
  }
}

用户模型

class User < ActiveRecord::Base

  # This method associates the attribute ":avatar" with a file attachment
  has_attached_file :avatar, styles: {
    thumb: '100x100>',
    square: '200x200#',
    medium: '300x300>'
  }

  attr_accessible :name, :email, :password, :password_confirmation, :avatar

文件记录

Started GET "/signup" for 176.226.131.101 at 2014-01-20 17:45:54 +0000 
Jan 20 09:45:55 milker app/web.1:  Processing by UsersController#new as HTML 
Jan 20 09:45:55 milker app/web.1:    Rendered shared/_error_messages.html.erb (0.6ms) 
Jan 20 09:45:55 milker app/web.1:    Rendered users/new.html.erb within layouts/application (164.7ms) 
Jan 20 09:45:55 milker app/web.1:    Rendered layouts/_shim.html.erb (0.0ms) 
Jan 20 09:45:55 milker app/web.1:  Completed 200 OK in 199ms (Views: 168.1ms | ActiveRecord: 15.3ms) 
Jan 20 09:46:11 milker app/web.1:  Started POST "/users" for 176.226.131.101 at 2014-01-20 17:46:11 +0000 
Jan 20 09:46:11 milker app/web.1:  Processing by UsersController#create as HTML 
Jan 20 09:46:11 milker app/web.1:    Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "authenticity_token"=>"5KZg5kTVOWKN/VBFlw6BC5pJe1EGCBYtVN5zBXLXNT4=", "user"=>{"avatar"=>#<ActionDispatch::Http::UploadedFile:0x007f4f673ad6b8 @original_filename="3adPUTPPeg8.jpg", @content_type="image/jpeg", @headers="Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"user[avatar]\"; filename=\"3adPUTPPeg8.jpg\"\r\nContent-Type: image/jpeg\r\n", @tempfile=#<Tempfile:/tmp/RackMultipart20140120-2-n87ap6>>, "name"=>"slasher", "email"=>"slava.proshechkin@softeica.ru", "password"=>"[FILTERED]", "password_confirmation"=>"[FILTERED]"}, "commit"=>"Create my account"} 
Jan 20 09:46:11 milker app/web.1:  Command :: identify -format '%wx%h,%[exif:orientation]' '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc1128.jpg[0]' 
Jan 20 09:46:11 milker app/web.1:  Command :: identify -format %m '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc1128.jpg[0]' 
Jan 20 09:46:11 milker app/web.1:  Command :: identify -format %m '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc1128.jpg[0]' 
Jan 20 09:46:11 milker app/web.1:  Command :: identify -format %m '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc1128.jpg[0]' 
Jan 20 09:46:11 milker app/web.1:  Command :: convert '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc1128.jpg[0]' -auto-orient -resize "100x100>" '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc112820140120-2-k3pl9m' 
Jan 20 09:46:11 milker app/web.1:  Command :: file -b --mime '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc112820140120-2-k3pl9m' 
Jan 20 09:46:11 milker app/web.1:  Command :: identify -format '%wx%h,%[exif:orientation]' '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc1128.jpg[0]' 
Jan 20 09:46:12 milker app/web.1:  Command :: identify -format %m '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc1128.jpg[0]' 
Jan 20 09:46:12 milker app/web.1:  Command :: identify -format %m '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc1128.jpg[0]' 
Jan 20 09:46:12 milker app/web.1:  Command :: identify -format %m '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc1128.jpg[0]' 
Jan 20 09:46:12 milker app/web.1:  Command :: convert '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc1128.jpg[0]' -auto-orient -resize "200x" -crop "200x200+0+33" +repage '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc112820140120-2-1acel98' 
Jan 20 09:46:12 milker app/web.1:  Command :: file -b --mime '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc112820140120-2-1acel98' 
Jan 20 09:46:12 milker app/web.1:  Command :: identify -format '%wx%h,%[exif:orientation]' '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc1128.jpg[0]' 
Jan 20 09:46:12 milker app/web.1:  Command :: identify -format %m '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc1128.jpg[0]' 
Jan 20 09:46:12 milker app/web.1:  Command :: identify -format %m '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc1128.jpg[0]' 
Jan 20 09:46:12 milker app/web.1:  Command :: identify -format %m '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc1128.jpg[0]' 
Jan 20 09:46:12 milker app/web.1:  Command :: convert '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc1128.jpg[0]' -auto-orient -resize "300x300>" '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc112820140120-2-1fz8qbp' 
Jan 20 09:46:12 milker app/web.1:  Command :: file -b --mime '/tmp/3adPUTPPeg820140120-2-yc112820140120-2-1fz8qbp' 
Jan 20 09:46:12 milker app/web.1:  [paperclip] saving /users/avatars/000/000/007/original/3adPUTPPeg8.jpg 
Jan 20 09:46:13 milker heroku/router:  at=info method=POST path=/users host=milker.herokuapp.com request_id=97266e1a-098b-4676-9ad2-791e85d25f43 fwd="176.226.131.101" dyno=web.1 connect=14ms service=2457ms status=500 bytes=643 
Jan 20 09:46:13 milker app/web.1:  Completed 500 Internal Server Error in 1653ms 
Jan 20 09:46:13 milker app/web.1:  ArgumentError (missing required :bucket option): 
Jan 20 09:46:13 milker app/web.1:    app/controllers/users_controller.rb:28:in `create'

有什么想法吗？
提前谢谢你

【问题讨论】：

您应该添加更多信息，例如到目前为止您尝试了什么，失败的地方......

标签： ruby-on-rails amazon-s3 paperclip

【解决方案1】：

除了 manojild 的回答，这是你需要做的（我们之前遇到过这个问题）：

型号

不知道为什么，但您必须在您的 Paperclip 模型中包含 :bucket 选项：

has_attached_file :image,
                :styles => { :medium => "x300", :thumb => "x100" },
                :default_url => "************",
                :storage => :s3,
                :bucket => 'bucket_name',
                :s3_credentials => S3_CREDENTIALS (we set this in an initializer)

ENV 变量

您在 development.rb 中使用了 ENV 变量

除非您在操作环境中实际设置了这些VARs，否则您将无法访问它们。我建议使用Figaro gem 来处理开发和生产中的 ENV 变量，保持一致性

你真的希望你的 ENV 变量是这样的：

:bucket => ENV['S3_BUCKET_NAME'],
:access_key_id => ENV['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'],
:secret_access_key => ENV['AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY']

你有他们当前里面的实际内容

【讨论】：

谢谢。我会试试看。您写了（我们在初始化程序中设置了它）。这意味着我必须在 initializer/paperclip.rb 中写 :s3_credentials => { :bucket => ENV['xxx'], :access_key_id => ENV['xxx'], :secret_access_key => ENV['xxx'] } ？
如果您要使用初始化程序，您将使用“裸”数据（不是 ENV 变量）（您的代码是正确的语法）。但是，如果您想使用 ENV 变量，请安装 Figaro gem - 使其 100% 更简单

【解决方案2】：

来自您的代码：

:bucket => ENV['BEQUEM'],
:access_key_id => ENV['AKredacted'],
:secret_access_key => ENV['AKredacted']

完全按照教程进行操作。它要求您添加：

:bucket => ENV['S3_BUCKET_NAME'],
:access_key_id => ENV['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'],
:secret_access_key => ENV['AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY']

这些是环境变量，将使用heroku config 命令设置。您已将它们替换为实际值（并可能通过在此处公开它们而导致安全问题）

如教程中所述，从控制台运行以下命令：

$ heroku config:set S3_BUCKET_NAME=your_bucket_name
$ heroku config:set AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=your_access_key_id
$ heroku config:set AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=your_secret_access_key

不要忘记将your_bucket_name 等替换为此处的实际值:)

【讨论】：

哦，谢谢。我想我误解了教程的这一点。我在回形针配置中进行了更改，但我在开发时遇到了同样的错误，不幸的是我无法在 heroku 上部署
@V.Prosh - 如果您希望将其用于开发，您必须在终端中设置这些环境变量。喜欢S3_BUCKET_NAME='bucket' bundle exec rails s
ОК 我会试试看。我从控制台设置 heroku 配置并按照你说的修复 production.rb，这里是日志Jan 20 18:59:33 milker app/web.1: [paperclip] saving /users/avatars/000/000/010/original/0CE27BAE971DF6494F20441D62DFC0D1_1100_550.JPEG Jan 20 18:59:34 milker app/web.1: Completed 500 Internal Server Error in 2787ms Jan 20 18:59:34 milker app/web.1: AWS::Errors::MissingCredentialsError ( Jan 20 18:59:34 milker app/web.1: Missing Credentials. Jan 20 18:59:34 milker app/web.1: Unable to find AWS credentials. You can configure your AWS credentials 和创建方法中的相同错误

【解决方案3】：

工作用户模型。计划在未来使用 Fedora。

has_attached_file :avatar, :styles => { :small => '60x60#', :large => '300x300#' }, :default_style => :large,
  :storage => :s3,
  :default_url => '/images/:attachment/missing_:style.png',
  :path => "users/:id/avatar/:style.:extension",
  :bucket => "bequem",
  :s3_credentials => {
    :access_key_id => "xxx",
    :secret_access_key => "xxx"
  }

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

将此添加到模块和类中的 application.rb 文件中：

config.autoload_paths += %W(#{config.root}/lib)
config.before_configuration do
    env_file = File.join(Rails.root, 'config', 'local_env.yml')
    YAML.load(File.open(env_file)).each do |key, value|
        ENV[key.to_s] = value
    end if File.exists?(env_file)
end

【讨论】：