自定义错误页面，当发生 Http 错误而不更改 url

Question

如何显示自定义错误页面，当发生 Http 错误而不更改 url。

当发生 Http 错误时，如何在不路由到另一个 Url 的情况下显示客户自定义错误页面。

Answer 1

以下方法不会使用重定向 - 它会返回您的自定义错误 + 正确的 httpstatus 代码作为对客户端的即时响应，方法是在 application_error 方法中捕获错误，然后选择在同一响应中返回的内容，删除需要重定向。

创建一个 ErrorController - 这允许您定制您的最终用户错误页面和状态代码。：

[AllowAnonymous]
public class ErrorController : Controller
{
    public ActionResult PageNotFound()
    {
        Response.StatusCode = 404;
        return View();
    }

    public ActionResult ServerError()
    {
        Response.StatusCode = 500;
        return View();
    }

    public ActionResult UnauthorisedRequest()
    {
        Response.StatusCode = 403;
        return View();
    }

    //Any other errors you want to specifically handle here.

    public ActionResult CatchAllUrls()
    {
        //throwing an exception here pushes the error through the Application_Error method for centralised handling/logging
        throw new HttpException(404, "The requested url " + Request.Url.ToString() + " was not found");
    }
}

添加一个路由以捕获所有 url 到您的路由配置的末尾 - 这将捕获所有通过匹配现有路由尚未捕获的 404：

routes.MapRoute("CatchAllUrls", "{*url}", new { controller = "Error", action = "CatchAllUrls" });

在您的 global.asax 中：

protected void Application_Error(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        Exception exception = Server.GetLastError();

        //Error logging omitted

        HttpException httpException = exception as HttpException;
        RouteData routeData = new RouteData();
        IController errorController = new Controllers.ErrorController();
        routeData.Values.Add("controller", "Error");
        routeData.Values.Add("area", "");
        routeData.Values.Add("ex", exception);

        if (httpException != null)
        {
            //this is a basic exampe of how you can choose to handle your errors based on http status codes.
            switch (httpException.GetHttpCode())
            {
                case 404:
                    Response.Clear();

                    // page not found
                    routeData.Values.Add("action", "PageNotFound");

                    Server.ClearError();
                    // Call the controller with the route
                    errorController.Execute(new RequestContext(new HttpContextWrapper(Context), routeData));

                    break;
                case 500:
                    // server error
                    routeData.Values.Add("action", "ServerError");

                    Server.ClearError();
                    // Call the controller with the route
                    errorController.Execute(new RequestContext(new HttpContextWrapper(Context), routeData));
                    break;
                 case 403:
                    // server error
                    routeData.Values.Add("action", "UnauthorisedRequest");

                    Server.ClearError();
                    // Call the controller with the route
                    errorController.Execute(new RequestContext(new HttpContextWrapper(Context), routeData));
                    break;
                 //add cases for other http errors you want to handle, otherwise HTTP500 will be returned as the default.
                default:
                    // server error
                    routeData.Values.Add("action", "ServerError");

                    Server.ClearError();
                    // Call the controller with the route
                    errorController.Execute(new RequestContext(new HttpContextWrapper(Context), routeData));
                    break;
            }
        }
        //All other exceptions should result in a 500 error as they are issues with unhandled exceptions in the code
        else
        {
            routeData.Values.Add("action", "ServerError");
            Server.ClearError();
            // Call the controller with the route
            errorController.Execute(new RequestContext(new HttpContextWrapper(Context), routeData));
        }
    }

Answer 2

在web.config中添加<customErrors>标签，帮助你在系统找不到请求的url（状态码404）时重定向到Error控制器的NotFound动作方法，并重定向到错误控制器的ServerError动作方法如果系统触发内部服务器错误（状态码 500）

<!--<Redirect to error page>-->
<customErrors mode="On" defaultRedirect="~/Error/ServerError">
  <error redirect="~/Error/NotFound" statusCode="404" />
</customErrors>
<!--</Redirect to error page>-->

您必须创建一个包含 ServerError 和 NotFound 操作方法的错误控制器，该操作方法呈现相关视图以向用户显示正确的消息。

public class ErrorController : Controller
{
    public ActionResult NotFound()
    {
        return View();
    }
    public ActionResult Error()
    {
        return View();
    }
}

编辑 2：

为了在发生自定义错误时保持相同的 url，您需要安装 Magical Unicorn Mvc Error Toolkit 2.2.2 nuget 包。

您可以按照以下步骤进行操作：

1. 在 Visual Studio 中打开解决方案
2. 转到Tools 菜单并选择Nuget Package Manager
3. 从子菜单中选择Package Manager Console
4. 在包管理器控制台中写入PM> Install-Package MagicalUnicorn.MvcErrorToolkit

你可以visit here for more info关于nuget包

它将根据您的要求安装 nuget 包。