将命令参数保存到数组批处理

Question

我正在寻找一种方法来创建批处理接收的参数数组。

示例：如果我运行 bfile.bat 1 2 3 4 5，我将得到一个包含 5 个单元格的数组 1, 2, 3, 4, 5。

有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

Windows 批处理脚本并不真正包含数组功能，因为没有像其他语言那样用于排序、长度等的数组成员函数。 Aacini 就此事写了thorough expository。

话虽如此，您可以很好地模拟数组来完成您所描述的。

@echo off
:: arr.bat -- simulates creation of an array with script arguments
setlocal enabledelayedexpansion

set args=%*
set arr.length=0

rem delayed expansion of %args% here to prevent if statement from freaking out
rem if quotation marks or spaces are encountered
if #!args!==# goto :usage

rem ###############
rem construct array
rem ###############

rem surround each argument with quotation marks and loop through them
rem 1 "2 3" 4 becomes "1" ""2" "3"" "4" (keeping 2 and 3 grouped)
for %%I in ("%args: =" "%") do (

    rem Pop quiz, hotshot.  Why did I not just use `set arr[!arr.length!]=%%~I`
    rem to strip the quotation marks?  Try it and see what happens.
    set val=%%I
    set arr[!arr.length!]=!val:"=!

    rem incrememt %array.length%
    set /a arr.length=!arr.length! + 1
)

rem ##############
rem retrieve array
rem ##############

echo arr[] has a length of %arr.length%.

rem arr.Ubound is the highest index in the array.  For instance, if the array
rem has 4 elements, then !arr[%arr.Ubound%]! refers to %arr[3]%.
set /a arr.Ubound=%arr.length% - 1
for /L %%I in (0, 1, %arr.Ubound%) do (

    rem To retrieve an array element, expand the inner variable immediately
    rem while delaying expansion of the outer variable.
    echo arr[%%I] = !arr[%%I]!
)

goto :EOF

:usage
echo Usage: %~nx0 [arg [arg [arg]]] etc.

这是一些示例输出。

C:\Users\me\Desktop>arr
Usage: arr.bat [arg [arg [arg]]] etc.

C:\Users\me\Desktop>arr 1 "2 3" 4
arr[] has a length of 3.
arr[0] = 1
arr[1] = 2 3
arr[2] = 4

C:\Users\me\Desktop>arr the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog, and so forth.
arr[] has a length of 12.
arr[0] = the
arr[1] = quick
arr[2] = brown
arr[3] = fox
arr[4] = jumps
arr[5] = over
arr[6] = the
arr[7] = lazy
arr[8] = dog,
arr[9] = and
arr[10] = so
arr[11] = forth.