将模型拆分为多个文件 Python 导入包/子包

Question

我收到以下错误：

Error: ImportError: No module named models.account

我正在尝试拆分我的模型。

这是我的项目结构：

site
  | site
  |  | models
  |  |  | __init__.py
  |  |  | account.py
  |  | views
  |     | __init__.py
  |     | site.py
  | __init__.py
  | resources.py
  | routes.py
  | security.py

站点/站点/视图/site.py

from pyramid.view import view_config
from pyramid.httpexceptions import HTTPFound
from site.models.account import User


@view_config(context='pyramid.httpexceptions.HTTPForbidden',
         renderer='generic/login.mako')
@view_config(route_name='generic_login', renderer='generic/login.mako')
def login(request):
  if request.scheme == 'http':
    request.scheme = 'https'
    #return HTTPFound(location=request.url)

  if 'form.submitted' in request.params:
    uemail = request.params['email']
    pw = request.params['pass']

    user = User.objects(email=uemail).first()

  return {}

路径

/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/bin
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-1.2.1-py2.7.egg
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/site-packages/WebError-0.10.3-py2.7.egg
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Pygments-1.6-py2.7.egg
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Tempita-0.5.1-py2.7.egg
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/site
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/site-packages/WebHelpers-1.3-py2.7.egg
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python27.zip
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/plat-darwin
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/plat-mac
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/plat-mac/lib-scriptpackages
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/lib-old
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7
/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-darwin
/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-mac
/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-mac/lib-scriptpackages
/Volumes/workspace/py/website/site/lib/python2.7/site-packages

我是 python 新手，所以想弄清楚这一点。

Answer 1

site 是one of standard Python modules 的名称，更糟糕的是，它是一种特殊情况，会在解释器初始化期间自动导入。如果系统 site 模块覆盖了您的模块，这很可能是导致问题的原因。

您可以尝试使用类似的方法来解决此问题

from ..models.account import User

但最终还是值得重命名您的项目。

另一个在 Python 中混淆导入错误的常见问题是循环模块依赖 - 比如说，如果你有

from site.views import blah

在您的site.models 模块中的某个位置，同时尝试从site.views 执行from site.models.account import User，这将导致循环依赖，这基本上体现在未定义的有问题的导入语句下方的任何内容中。如果您在查找循环导入时遇到问题，请更新您的问题，列出导入 site.models 和 site.views 的所有位置。