Django REST Framework 在文件之间共享类实例答案

【问题标题】：Django REST Framework share class instance between filesDjango REST Framework 在文件之间共享类实例
【发布时间】：2020-10-02 14:27:59
【问题描述】：

我的 apps.py 的 ready() 方法中有一些代码，它使用 authlib 模块加载一些 Oauth 提供程序。基本上我正在这样做（apps.py）：

from django.apps import AppConfig
from authlib.integrations.django_client import OAuth
from django.core.cache import caches

class ApiConfig(AppConfig):
    name = 'api'

    def ready(self):
        import api.receivers
        defaultcache = caches['default']
        from .modules.oauth import fetch_token
        from .models import OauthProvider, OAuth2Token

        oauth = OAuth(fetch_token=fetch_token)
        print('settings oauthproviders')
        allproviders = OauthProvider.objects.all()
        for provider in allproviders:
            oauth.register(
                name=provider.name,
                client_id=provider.client_id,
                client_secret=provider.client_secret_decrypted,
                access_token_url=provider.access_token_url,
                access_token_params=provider.access_token_params,
                authorize_url=provider.authorize_url,
                authorize_params=provider.authorize_params,
                api_base_url=provider.api_base_url,
                client_kwargs=eval(provider.client_kwargs),
            )

        print(OAuth2Token.objects.get(name='enelogic'))
        defaultcache.set('oauth', oauth)
        #defaultcache.get('oauth') # <--- this line gives error

错误：

Fatal Python error: Cannot recover from stack overflow.
Python runtime state: initialized

Thread 0x00001d4c (most recent call first):
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 306 in wait
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 558 in wait
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\pydevd.py", line 230 in _on_run
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_daemon_thread.py", line 46 in run
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 932 in _bootstrap_inner
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 890 in _bootstrap
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\_pydev_bundle\pydev_monkey.py", line 823 in __call__

Thread 0x00002b80 (most recent call first):
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 306 in wait
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 558 in wait
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\pydevd.py", line 184 in _on_run
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_daemon_thread.py", line 46 in run
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 932 in _bootstrap_inner
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 890 in _bootstrap
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\_pydev_bundle\pydev_monkey.py", line 823 in __call__

Thread 0x0000609c (most recent call first):
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 306 in wait
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 558 in wait
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_timeout.py", line 43 in _on_run
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_daemon_thread.py", line 46 in run
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 932 in _bootstrap_inner
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 890 in _bootstrap

Thread 0x00000ad4 (most recent call first):
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_comm.py", line 209 in _read_line
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_comm.py", line 227 in _on_run
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_daemon_thread.py", line 46 in run
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 932 in _bootstrap_inner
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 890 in _bootstrap

Thread 0x00005cf8 (most recent call first):
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_net_command.py", line 111 in send
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_comm.py", line 370 in _on_run
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_daemon_thread.py", line 46 in run
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 932 in _bootstrap_inner
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 890 in _bootstrap

Current thread 0x00005924 (most recent call first):
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 476 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 493 in __init__
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 103 in print_exception
  File "c:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\traceback.py", line 163 in print_exc
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\_pydev_bundle\pydev_log.py", line 130 in _pydevd_log_exception
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\_pydev_bundle\pydev_log.py", line 160 in exception
  File "c:\Users\ericj\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2020.9.112786\pythonFiles\lib\python\debugpy\_vendored\pydevd\_pydevd_bundle\pydevd_trace_dispatch_regular.py", line 462 in __call__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 101 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__
  File "C:\Users\ericj\.virtualenvs\django_appelent_api-8qkCZVAS\lib\site-packages\authlib\integrations\base_client\base_oauth.py", line 105 in __getattr__

这会注册一些 oauth 凭据（信息），可以使用 oauth 变量（例如 oauth.get_authorization_url() 获取该 Oauth 提供程序的授权 URL。

现在，我有很多不同的文件（我将 views.py 拆分为多个文件）。如何在这些文件中访问此 oauth 变量？我已经尝试过使用 django 缓存，但是当我尝试访问该变量时，我得到了一个奇怪的溢出错误。

你会怎么推荐？

oauth 类在文件中本地运行良好，我只需将其转移到其他文件

【问题讨论】：

请在视图中添加错误和使用示例
使用示例在那里（即给出错误的代码）。我将向它添加函数调用

标签： django django-rest-framework authlib

【解决方案1】：

为什么不在一个单独的 python 文件中提取它（但仍然在你的 django 应用程序中）。

# oauth_providers.py

from authlib.integrations.django_client import OAuth

from .modules.oauth import fetch_token
from .models import OauthProvider, OAuth2Token


def register_providers(oauth):
    print('settings oauthproviders')
    allproviders = OauthProvider.objects.all()
    for provider in allproviders:
        oauth.register(
            name=provider.name,
            client_id=provider.client_id,
            client_secret=provider.client_secret_decrypted,
            access_token_url=provider.access_token_url,
            access_token_params=provider.access_token_params,
            authorize_url=provider.authorize_url,
            authorize_params=provider.authorize_params,
            api_base_url=provider.api_base_url,
            client_kwargs=eval(provider.client_kwargs),
        )

    print(OAuth2Token.objects.get(name='enelogic'))

oauth = OAuth(fetch_token=fetch_token)

# apps.py
from django.apps import AppConfig


class ApiConfig(AppConfig):
    name = 'api'

    def ready(self):
        from .oauth_providers import oauth, register_providers
        register_providers(oauth)

现在您可以通过简单的导入在视图中使用它

# views.py

from .oauth_providers import oauth

# do whatever with oauth

是的，有一些警告它将是一个全局变量（所以不要尝试更改，我认为您不需要）并且不要尝试将文件导入您的 models.py，因为这应该在应用程序为ready() 之后导入。

【讨论】：

我的模型和视图中需要它（以获取数据）。这不可能？
你是如何在模型中使用它的？如果您在方法中使用，您可能会逃脱，方法是在方法本身中进行导入，而不是在 models.py 之上。这是一种不好的做法，但这会奏效。
好吧，你是对的，不在模型中。观点最重要。你能解释一下为什么它在模型中不起作用而在视图中起作用吗？
今天你是我的绝对英雄。我是 django 和 python（来自 JS）的新手，我很难习惯它。我让它工作。你做得很好！！！！
您可以在 docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/applications/… 上查看 django 文档。基本上在加载应用程序时会导入模型，这就是ready方法存在的原因，它表明您可以从现在开始使用该应用程序。