vagrant 上的 Ansible 错误中没有模块名称 Yum

Question

我正在 Ubuntu Vagrant 机器上尝试使用 Ansible 剧本进行一些实验。我编写了一个名为 exampleyum.yml 的简单剧本，如下所示：

---
- hosts: local

  tasks:
    - name: Installing packages
      yum: name=httpd state=latest
      sudo: yes

当我跑步时

ansible-playbook -i ~/inventory.ini exampleyum.yml

我遇到以下错误：

任务执行期间发生异常。看到完整的 回溯，使用 -vvv。错误是：ImportError: No module named yum 致命的：[本地主机]：失败！ => {“改变”：假，“失败”：真， "module_stderr": "Traceback (最近一次调用最后一次):\n 文件 \"/tmp/ansible_qeXrGO/ansible_module_yum.py\"，第 25 行，在 \n import yum\nImportError: No module named yum\n", "module_stdout": "", "msg": "模块失败"}

它给出了一些导入错误和模块失败。我在某处读到 Yum 是一个核心模块

因此它应该可以正常工作，但事实并非如此。任何帮助，将不胜感激。我对 Ansible 很陌生。

Answer 1

我在 Ubuntu Vagrant 机器上运行 Ansible。

那么你为什么首先使用yum 而不是apt 模块呢？

如果由于某种原因您仍然需要yum 模块，请确保在托管主机上安装了yum python 包。

Answer 2

使用包而不是 yum 模块，如 playbook 中 How to unify package installation tasks in ansible? 中的回答。

当我阅读并遵循一本基于 CentOS/RedHat 编写的书时，我遇到了同样的错误。该问题本身可以通过以下方式避免，但如果继续在 Ubuntu 上使用 YUM 会导致更多问题。

环境

DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS"

确认症状

ansible@ip-172-31-38-30:~/playbook$ ansible-playbook sample.yaml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file

PLAY [all] *********************************************************************

TASK [setup] *******************************************************************
ok: [ub01]

TASK [Ensure NTP (for time synchronization) is installed.] *********************
fatal: [ub01]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "failed": true, "module_stderr": "Shared connection to ub01 closed.\r\n", "module_stdout": "\r\nTraceback (most recent call last):\r\n  File \"/tmp/ansible_y0ULtJ/ansible_module_yum.py\", line 25, in <module>\r\n    import yum\r\nImportError: No module named yum\r\n", "msg": "MODULE FAILURE"}
        to retry, use: --limit @/home/ansible/playbook/sample.retry

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
ub01                       : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=1

安装 yum

ansible@ip-172-31-38-30:~/playbook$ sudo apt install yum
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  yum
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 58 not upgraded.
Need to get 486 kB of archives.
After this operation, 3,265 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://us-west-2.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 yum all 3.4.3-3 [486 kB]
Fetched 486 kB in 0s (12.3 MB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package yum.
(Reading database ... 110977 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../archives/yum_3.4.3-3_all.deb ...
Unpacking yum (3.4.3-3) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...
Setting up yum (3.4.3-3) ...

验证原来的问题已经消失

ansible@ip-172-31-38-30:~/playbook$ ansible-playbook sample.yaml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file

PLAY [all] *********************************************************************

TASK [setup] *******************************************************************
ok: [ub01]

TASK [Ensure NTP (for time synchronization) is installed.] *********************
fatal: [ub01]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "failed": true, "msg": "No package matching 'ntp' found available, installed or updated", "rc": 126, "results": ["No package matching 'ntp' found available, installed or updated"]}
        to retry, use: --limit @/home/ansible/playbook/sample.retry

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
ub01                       : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=1

相关问题

python 的位置可能是 Ansible 和 Yum 的原因。

• How do I handle python pathing not having a Python 2.X in /usr/bin/python on a remote machine?

还要注意 /usr/bin/yum 指的是 /usr/bin/python。

#! /usr/bin/python 
import sys
try:
    import yum
except ImportError:
    print >> sys.stderr, """\
There was a problem importing one of the Python modules
required to run yum. The error leading to this problem was: