Tomcat Maven - 无法启动组件问题

【问题标题】：Tomcat Maven- Failed to start component issueTomcat Maven - 无法启动组件问题
【发布时间】：2019-03-18 17:23:05
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试设置一个 Spring Boot Maven 项目以使用 Spring Batch 进行作业多线程。我在设置中遇到问题。

我收到以下错误：

java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[]]

我的POM文件如下：

http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 4.0.0

<groupId>com.db.afc_ncm</groupId>
<artifactId>DataIngestion</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<name>DataIngestion</name>
<description>Spring Batch Parallel Step</description>

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
    <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    <start-class>com.db.afc_ncm.Application</start-class>
</properties>

<dependencies>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.hive</groupId>
        <artifactId>hive-service</artifactId>
        <version>0.13.0</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <version>1.18.4</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.db.afc_ncm</groupId>
        <artifactId>ImpalaJDBC41</artifactId>
        <version>1.0</version>
        <scope>system</scope>
        <systemPath>${project.basedir}/lib/lib_ImpalaJDBC41.jar</systemPath>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-batch</artifactId>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

全栈跟踪：

2019-03-18 14:44:18.524  INFO 36404 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2019-03-18 14:44:18.528  INFO 36404 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.32
2019-03-18 14:44:18.549  INFO 36404 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener   : The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: [C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_181\bin;C:\Windows\Sun\Java\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Application Virtualization Client;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Citrix\ICAService\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Citrix\System32\;C:\PROGRAM FILES\CITRIX\System32\;C:\PROGRAM FILES\CITRIX\ICAService\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Citrix\System32;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files (x86)\PuTTY\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Git\cmd;C:\Program Files (x86)\Git\bin;C:\Program Files\TortoiseGit\bin;C:\Program Files (x86)\WinSCP;C:\Program Files\Git\cmd;C:\Program Files\Git\bin;C:\PROGRAM FILES\CITRIX\Virtual Desktop Agent\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Enterprise Vault\EVClient\;C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Utilities 1.6\;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_181\; C:\Users\prassuha\.m2\repository\org\testng\testng\5.12.1\testng-5.12.1.jar; C:\Users\prassuha\Anaconda3\Scripts;.]
2019-03-18 14:44:18.835 ERROR 36404 --- [cat-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase   : A child container failed during start

java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[]]
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122) [na:1.8.0_181]
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192) [na:1.8.0_181]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:941) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:872) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1421) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1411) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266) [na:1.8.0_181]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149) [na:1.8.0_181]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624) [na:1.8.0_181]
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748) [na:1.8.0_181]
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    ... 6 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [Pipeline[StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[]]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5166) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    ... 6 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [org.apache.catalina.authenticator.NonLoginAuthenticator[]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardPipeline.startInternal(StandardPipeline.java:182) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    ... 8 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.servlet.ServletContext.getVirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String;
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.startInternal(AuthenticatorBase.java:1183) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    ... 10 common frames omitted

2019-03-18 14:44:18.836 ERROR 36404 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase   : A child container failed during start

java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost]]
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122) ~[na:1.8.0_181]
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192) ~[na:1.8.0_181]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:941) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:422) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:793) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat.start(Tomcat.java:367) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer.initialize(TomcatWebServer.java:107) [spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer.<init>(TomcatWebServer.java:86) [spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatServletWebServerFactory.getTomcatWebServer(TomcatServletWebServerFactory.java:413) [spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatServletWebServerFactory.getWebServer(TomcatServletWebServerFactory.java:174) [spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.createWebServer(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:179) [spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.onRefresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:152) [spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:544) [spring-context-5.0.8.RELEASE.jar:5.0.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:140) [spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:762) [spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:398) [spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:330) [spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1258) [spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1246) [spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    at com.javasampleapproach.batch.parallelstep.SpringBatchParallelStepApplication.main(SpringBatchParallelStepApplication.java:14) [classes/:na]
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1421) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1411) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266) ~[na:1.8.0_181]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149) ~[na:1.8.0_181]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624) ~[na:1.8.0_181]
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748) ~[na:1.8.0_181]
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:949) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:872) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar:8.5.32]
    ... 6 common frames omitted

2019-03-18 14:44:18.838  INFO 36404 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Stopping service [Tomcat]

Process finished with exit code 1

关于我可以排除或包含什么以消除这种情况的任何想法？

【问题讨论】：

  • 为什么你同时拥有spring-boot-starter 和spring-boot-starter-web 依赖？这有什么具体原因吗？据我所知，您不需要spring-boot-starter。删除它并保留spring-boot-starter-web。如果您需要它在 tomcat 服务器上运行，这是有原因的。如果您不希望项目在 tomcat 服务器上运行，而只想做一些批处理，请使用 spring-boot-batch-starter
  • 做了更改，仍然有同样的问题。我用更新的 pom 文件编辑了提示。还有其他想法吗？我确实需要 starter-web，因为我使用 Web 端点来触发 mysql 实例。
  • 问题是你的 servlet-api 版本。它应该升级。尝试将其升级到最新版本。如果您不想使用最新版本，请尝试升级 3.1 或更高版本。
  • 另外，在更改后清理并重建项目。
  • 请添加完整的堆栈跟踪

标签： java spring maven spring-boot


【解决方案1】：

当您包含 spring-boot-starter-web 依赖项时，您的 Spring Boot 版本使用 Apache Tomcat 8.5，这需要 servlet-api 3.1 版本。这就是导致此异常的原因。如果您需要该项目是一个 Web 项目，您可以将 servlet-api 依赖版本升级到 3.1。否则，如果您只想在没有 Web 功能的情况下进行一些批处理，只需删除 spring-boot-starter-web 依赖并添加 spring-boot-starter-batch

【讨论】：

  • 感谢您清理它。我这样做了，但它仍在尝试启动 tomcat（相同的错误跟踪）。请检查已编辑的提示，了解我更新后的 pom 的样子。
  • @ravecoder 你是如何生成这个项目的？如题，你用过什么工具吗？还是您只是使用了其他地方的pom？您不能使用相同的运行配置，因为这不再是一个 Web 应用程序。您需要确保它作为普通应用程序运行。如果您不介意将此代码移植到一个新的、干净的项目 Spring Initializr 是一个很好的起点。
  • 是的，我之前用过 Spring Initializr。我将尝试从那里使用新模板进行重建。谢谢！
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