Django Rest Framework - 限制嵌套序列化程序的字段答案

【问题标题】：Django Rest Framework - Limiting fields of nesting serializerDjango Rest Framework - 限制嵌套序列化程序的字段
【发布时间】：2017-04-01 13:57:47
【问题描述】：

我有User 和Item 模型，并且在Item.objects.all() 视图中遇到了嵌套Items 的问题。具体来说，我在ItemListView 资源中得到以下信息：

[  {
"id": 3,
"description": "Some test item description",
"user": {
  "id": 10,
  "username": "jason",
  "email": "test@test.com",
  "token": "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJ0aW1lIjoiRnJpIE1hciAyNCAyMDo1NDo1OSAyMDE3IiwidXNlcm5hbWUiOiJqYXNvbiJ9.x4qdTF5eVKGLnrkcunm63n4d_X8xEzEYM0z48E5HKh4",
  "items": [
    {
      "id": 3,
      "description": "Some item description",
      "timestamp": "2017-03-25T15:50:08.265780Z",
      "user": 10
    },
    {
      "id": 2,
      "description": "test item description",
      "timestamp": "2017-03-24T22:28:49.904198Z",
      "user": 10
    }
  ]
},
"timestamp": "2017-03-25T15:50:08.265780Z"

我想要的是从输出中排除的User.items。如何使用下面的序列化程序和模型做到这一点：

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    password = serializers.CharField(write_only = True, required = False)
    confirm_password = serializers.CharField(required = False)

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('id', 'username', 'email', 'password', 'confirm_password', 'token', 'posts')
        read_only_fields = ('confirm_password', )
        depth = 1

    def create(self, validated_data):
        return User.objects.create_user(**validated_data)

    def validate(self, data):
        if data['password'] != data['confirm_password']:
        raise ValidationError('Passwords do not match')

        return data

class ItemSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    user = UserSerializer(read_only = True)

    def create(self, validated_data):
        return Item.objects.create(**validated_data)

    class Meta:
        fields = ('id', 'content', 'user', 'timestamp')
        read_only_fields = ('timestamp', )
        model = Item
        depth = 1

型号：

class User(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
    username = models.CharField(max_length = 50,
                                unique = True)
    email = models.EmailField(unique = True, blank = False, null = False)
    token = models.CharField(max_length = 255,
                             default = '')

    objects = UserManager()

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'username'

    def generate_token(self):
        self.token = User.objects.generate_token(user = self)
        self.save()

    @python_2_unicode_compatible
    def __str__(self):
        return '{} [Username: {}] [Email: {}]'.format(self.pk,
                                                      self.username,
                                                      self.email)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = 'user'
        verbose_name_plural = 'users'  


class Item(models.Model):
    description = models.CharField(db_index = True, max_length = 1000)
    timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add = True,  db_index = True)
    user = models.ForeignKey(User,
                             on_delete = models.CASCADE,
                             related_name = 'items')

    def __str__(self):
        return '{} [User: {}] [Timestamp: {}] [Slug {}]'.format(self.pk, self.user.pk, self.timestamp, self.description[:20])

    class Meta:      
        verbose_name = 'item'
        verbose_name_plural = 'items'
        ordering = ['-timestamp']

【问题讨论】：

标签： django serialization django-rest-framework

【解决方案1】：

没有开箱即用的解决方案来动态设置要在相关模型上序列化的字段。

您要么需要定义UserSerializer 的剥离副本并在ItemSerializer 中使用它（可以在ItemSerializer 类中直接定义它以不污染命名空间），或者扩展ModelSerializer 并手动实现一些支持对于动态字段序列化，请参阅here 了解一些想法（如果您想深入几层，这可能会变得很棘手）。

【讨论】：

不幸的是，这就是我的想法。感谢您的确认。