Django - 空表单无法保存在数据库中

Question

我有一个表单，用户指定 lawyer-spec 并将数据保存到数据库中。但是我收到一个错误

**null value in column "lawyer_spec" violates not-null constraint**

所以表单中的数据没有被正确处理。

编辑：

mthod form_invalid 打印空行，然后打印两个数字（'pk' 和 'lawyer_id'）

forms.py

class MakeAppointmentForm(forms.ModelForm):
    first_name = forms.CharField(required=True)

    class Meta:
        model = CalendarAppointmentsReserved
        fields = ['case']

    def __init__(self, *args, lawyer_id, pk, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        lawyer_id_from_kwargs = lawyer_id
        lawyer_specs = LawyersSpec.objects.filter(lawyer=lawyer_id_from_kwargs)

        choices = [(spec.lawyer_spec, dict(CASES)[spec.lawyer_spec]) for spec in lawyer_specs]

        self.fields['case'].choices = choices

views.py

@method_decorator(user_required, name='dispatch')
class MakingAppointmentView(CreateView):
    template_name = "make_appointment.html"
    form_class = TestPy.forms.MakeAppointmentForm
    model = TestPy.models.CalendarAppointmentsReserved

    def get_form_kwargs(self):
        pk = self.kwargs.get('pk')
        self.kwargs = super().get_form_kwargs()

        self.kwargs = {'lawyer_id': self.request.session['lawyer_id'], 'pk': pk}

        self.kwargs.update(self.kwargs)  # self.kwargs contains all url conf params
        return self.kwargs


    def form_invalid(self, form):
        print(form.errors)
        print(self.kwargs.get('pk'))
        print(self.kwargs.get('lawyer_id'))
        return redirect('home')


    def form_valid(self, form):
        calendar_model = TestPy.models.CalendarFreeSlot.objects.get(pk=self.kwargs.get('pk'))
        calendar_model.is_available = False
        calendar_model.save()

        self.object = form.save(commit=False)
        self.object.users_id = self.request.user
        self.object.calendar_free_id = calendar_model
        self.request.session['free_calendar_id'] = calendar_model.pk
        self.request.session['lawyer_id'] = calendar_model.lawyer_id.pk

        self.object.save()
        return redirect('home')

models.py

class LawyersSpec(models.Model):
    lawyer = models.ForeignKey('MyUser', on_delete=models.PROTECT)
    lawyer_spec = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=CASES)

class CalendarAppointmentsReserved(models.Model):
    calendar_free_id = models.ForeignKey('CalendarFreeSlot', on_delete=models.PROTECT) 
    users_id = models.ForeignKey('MyUser', on_delete=models.PROTECT) 
    case = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=CASES)

如何正确处理数据并保存在数据库中？

Answer 1

你在这里犯了一个严重的错误：

• 您的 CreateView 用于 CalendarAppointmentsReserved 模型
• 您的表单适用于LawyersSpec 模型

这是不可能的，因为模型A 的创建视图期望同一模型A 的ModelForm。

将您的表单更改为：

class MakeAppointmentForm(forms.ModelForm):
    first_name = forms.CharField(required=True)

    class Meta:
        model = CalendarAppointmentsReserved
        fields = ['case']

    def __init__(self, *args, lawyer_id, pk, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        lawyer_specs = LawyersSpec.objects.filter(lawyer=lawyer_id)
        choices = [(spec.lawyer_spec, dict(CASES)[spec.lawyer_spec]) for spec in lawyer_specs]
        self.fields['case'].choices = choices

现在在您看来，您不再需要分配 self.object.case。

您还通过直接为其分配字典来重置 get_form_kwargs() 方法中的 self.kwargs。然后self.kwargs.update(self.kwargs) 什么都不做，你正在用它自己更新一个字典。所以你在这里丢失了所有的 POST 数据。正确的做法是这样的：

def get_form_kwargs(self):
    form_kwargs = super().get_form_kwargs()  # don't mess up self.kwargs
    pk = self.kwargs.get('pk')
    form_kwargs.update({'lawyer_id': self.request.session['lawyer_id'], 'pk': pk})
    return form_kwargs