【发布时间】：2016-01-10 08:36:43
【问题描述】：
我的 Google Cloud 服务器硬盘空间已用完。所以我添加了另一个安装的 HDD，我在其中复制了 MySQL 数据的内容 (/var/lib/mysql/*)。在我尝试重新启动 MySQL 时更新 my.cnf 后，它失败并留下以下错误：
160110 14:10:40 [Warning] Using unique option prefix myisam-recover instead of myisam-recover-options is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use$
160110 14:10:40 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
^G/usr/sbin/mysqld: Can't find file: './mysql/plugin.frm' (errno: 13)
160110 14:10:40 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
160110 14:10:40 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
160110 14:10:40 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
160110 14:10:40 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.8
160110 14:10:40 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
160110 14:10:40 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
160110 14:10:40 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
160110 14:10:40 InnoDB: Operating system error number 13 in a file operation.
InnoDB: The error means mysqld does not have the access rights to
InnoDB: the directory.
InnoDB: File name ./ibdata1
InnoDB: File operation call: 'open'.
InnoDB: Cannot continue operation.
160110 14:10:41 [Warning] Using unique option prefix myisam-recover instead of myisam-recover-options is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use$
160110 14:10:41 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
^G/usr/sbin/mysqld: Can't find file: './mysql/plugin.frm' (errno: 13)
160110 14:10:41 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
160110 14:10:41 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
160110 14:10:41 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
160110 14:10:41 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.8
160110 14:10:41 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
160110 14:10:41 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
160110 14:10:41 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
160110 14:10:41 InnoDB: Operating system error number 13 in a file operation.
InnoDB: The error means mysqld does not have the access rights to
InnoDB: the directory.
InnoDB: File name ./ibdata1
InnoDB: File operation call: 'open'.
InnoDB: Cannot continue operation.
160110 14:10:42 [Warning] Using unique option prefix myisam-recover instead of myisam-recover-options is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use$
160110 14:10:42 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
^G/usr/sbin/mysqld: Can't find file: './mysql/plugin.frm' (errno: 13)
160110 14:10:42 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
160110 14:10:42 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
160110 14:10:42 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
160110 14:10:42 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.8
160110 14:10:41 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
160110 14:10:41 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
160110 14:10:41 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
160110 14:10:41 InnoDB: Operating system error number 13 in a file operation.
InnoDB: The error means mysqld does not have the access rights to
InnoDB: the directory.
InnoDB: File name ./ibdata1
InnoDB: File operation call: 'open'.
InnoDB: Cannot continue operation.
160110 14:10:42 [Warning] Using unique option prefix myisam-recover instead of myisam-recover-options is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use$
160110 14:10:42 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
^G/usr/sbin/mysqld: Can't find file: './mysql/plugin.frm' (errno: 13)
160110 14:10:42 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
160110 14:10:42 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
160110 14:10:42 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
160110 14:10:42 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.8
160110 14:10:42 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
160110 14:10:42 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
160110 14:10:42 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
160110 14:10:42 InnoDB: Operating system error number 13 in a file operation.
InnoDB: The error means mysqld does not have the access rights to
InnoDB: the directory.
InnoDB: File name ./ibdata1
InnoDB: File operation call: 'open'.
InnoDB: Cannot continue operation.
我试过 chmod 777 和 chown mysql:mysql 到挂载的文件夹 (/var/www/html/DB/) 但结果是一样的。使用 chown 后，我什至可以看到所有者现在是 mysql。那么为什么 MySQL 无法访问该文件夹呢？
我在这里看到了类似的问题，但大多数接受的答案都是重新安装 MySQL。这不是我的解决方案。它只是绕过问题。有更好的答案吗？
【问题讨论】：
-
您是否做了它告诉您要做的另一件事（“请运行 mysql_upgrade 来创建它。”）？
-
检查子文件夹的权限和所有者。您可以查看原始文件夹
-
@Pekka웃：我已经尝试过了，输出如下：# mysql_upgrade 寻找 'mysql' 为：mysql 寻找 'mysqlcheck' 为：mysqlcheck 致命错误：升级失败
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@BerndBuffen：我已将所有者设置为 mysql:mysql。还是一样。