在 Tomcat9 上运行 Spring MVC Webapp答案

【问题标题】：Running a Spring MVC Webapp on Tomcat9在 Tomcat9 上运行 Spring MVC Webapp
【发布时间】：2021-04-05 12:00:37
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试在 Tomcat9 上运行 Spring MVC webapp。我可以使用 Maven 将它部署到 Tomcat。我还可以从 FireFox 访问 index.jsp。但是，我的 index.jsp 做了一个简单的重定向到 /customer/list 并导致 404 Not Found 错误。我已经在控制器类（对于/customer）上完成了RequestMapping，并在该类中的一个方法（对于/list）上完成了GetMapping。当我在带有嵌入式 Tomcat 的 Eclipse 中将其作为动态 Web 项目运行时，相同的代码可以工作。但是，当我将它重写为 Maven 项目时，我只能访问 index.jsp，但 index.jsp 中的重定向失败。下面的代码...

index.jsp

<% response.sendRedirect("/customer/list"); %>

spring.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!-- Add support for component scanning -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.luv2code.crm" />

    <!-- Add support for conversion, formatting and validation support -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- Define Spring MVC view resolver -->
    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

    <!-- Step 1: Define Database DataSource / connection pool -->
    <bean id="myDataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
          destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClass" value="org.postgresql.Driver" />
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost/hibernate?currentSchema=web_crm" />
        <property name="user" value="hbstudent" />
        <property name="password" value="hbstudent" /> 

        <!-- these are connection pool properties for C3P0 -->
        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="5"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="5" />
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="20" />
        <property name="maxIdleTime" value="30000" />
    </bean>  
    
    <!-- Step 2: Setup Hibernate session factory -->
    <bean id="sessionFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="myDataSource" />
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.luv2code.crm.entity" />
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
           <props>
              <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect</prop>
              <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
           </props>
        </property>
   </bean>    

    <!-- Step 3: Setup Hibernate transaction manager -->
    <bean id="myTransactionManager"
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- Step 4: Enable configuration of transactional behavior based on annotations -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="myTransactionManager" />

    <!-- Add support for reading web resources: css, images, js, etc ... -->
    <mvc:resources location="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**"></mvc:resources>
    
</beans>

CustomerController.java

package com.luv2code.crm.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import com.luv2code.crm.entity.Customer;
import com.luv2code.crm.service.CustomerService;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/customer")
public class CustomerController {

    @Autowired
    private CustomerService customerService;
    
    @GetMapping("/list")
    public String listCustomers(Model m) {
        
        m.addAttribute("customerList", customerService.getCustomers());
        
        return "list-customers";
    }
    
    @GetMapping("/showFormForAdd")
    public String showFormForAdd(Model m) {
        
        m.addAttribute("customer", new Customer());
        return "customer-form";
    }
    
    @PostMapping("/saveCustomer")
    public String saveCustomer(@ModelAttribute("customer") Customer c) {
        
        customerService.saveCustomer(c);
        return "redirect:/customer/list";
    }
    
    @GetMapping("/showFormForUpdate")
    public String showFormForUpdate(@RequestParam("customerId") int i, Model m) {
        
        m.addAttribute("customer", customerService.getCustomer(i));
        return "customer-form";
    }
    
    @GetMapping("/delete")
    public String deleteCustomer(@RequestParam("customerId") int i) {

        customerService.deleteCustomer(i);
        return "redirect:/customer/list";
    }
    
    @GetMapping("/search")
    public String searchCustomers(@RequestParam("theSearchName") String s, Model m) {
        
        m.addAttribute("customerList", customerService.searchCustomers(s));
        return "list-customers";
    }
    
}

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.luv2code</groupId>
  <artifactId>web_crm</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>web_crm Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
    
    <spring.version>5.3.5</spring.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>4.0.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.3</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp.jstl/jstl -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.xml.bind/jaxb-api -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
        <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
        
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.postgresql/postgresql -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
        <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
        <version>42.2.19</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate/hibernate-core -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
        <version>5.4.30.Final</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.mchange/c3p0 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
        <version>0.9.5.5</version>
    </dependency>
    
  <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>web_crm</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
            <configuration>
                <url>http://localhost:8080/manager/text</url>
                <server>TomcatServer</server>
                <path>/web_crm</path>
                <username>admin</username>
                <password>password</password>
                <update>true</update>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
    <distributionManagement>
       <repository>
         <id>internal.repo</id>
         <name>Internal repo</name>
         <!-- <url>file:///home/tushar/Software/apache-tomcat-9.0.43/webapps</url> -->
         <url>http://localhost:8080/manager</url>
       </repository>
   </distributionManagement>
</project>

目录结构

$ tree
.
├── pom.xml
└── src
    ├── main
    │   ├── java
    │   │   ├── com
    │   │   │   └── luv2code
    │   │   │       └── crm
    │   │   │           ├── controller
    │   │   │           │   └── CustomerController.java
    │   │   │           ├── dao
    │   │   │           │   ├── CustomerDAOImpl.java
    │   │   │           │   └── CustomerDAO.java
    │   │   │           ├── entity
    │   │   │           │   └── Customer.java
    │   │   │           ├── service
    │   │   │           │   ├── CustomerServiceImpl.java
    │   │   │           │   └── CustomerService.java
    │   │   │           └── test
    │   │   │               └── TestDBServlet.java
    │   │   └── hibernate.cfg.xml
    │   ├── resources
    │   └── webapp
    │       ├── index.jsp
    │       ├── resources
    │       │   └── css
    │       │       ├── add-customer-style.css
    │       │       └── style.css
    │       └── WEB-INF
    │           ├── classes
    │           │   └── hibernate.cfg.xml
    │           ├── spring.cfg.xml
    │           ├── view
    │           │   ├── customer-form.jsp
    │           │   └── list-customers.jsp
    │           └── web.xml
    └── test

19 directories, 17 files

【问题讨论】：

你能分享一下你的项目结构吗？
您可能想尝试本文baeldung.com/spring-boot-war-tomcat-deploy中解释的步骤
@zawarudo ，按要求添加了目录树结构。谢谢。
@MaikSettels ，是的，我基于这些说明。它允许我点击 index.jsp。但是，从 index.jsp 重定向失败。

标签： spring spring-mvc

【解决方案1】：

我终于能够解决这个问题了。

在 pom.xml 中，可以指定部署路径。默认情况下，它与您的 artifactId 相同。然后，当您在 web.xml 中指定 url 映射时，它应该是相对于部署路径的。在我的 web.xml 中，我在 url 映射中也包含了部署路径组件。因此，它不起作用。

我将 url 映射更改为 / 并且它工作正常。

【讨论】：