从 Django Admin M2M 关系中过滤相关值

Question

是否可以在 Django admin 中过滤相关值？我有多对多关系设置为内联显示。 但是有很多值，所以我希望能够以某种方式搜索/过滤我需要的值。

所以这里有两个模型（我用的是 Join 表）：

# Create your models here.
class Country(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True, verbose_name='Country')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "Countries"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class OpenDestination(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True, verbose_name='Country')
    origin_country = models.ManyToManyField(Country, through='BorderStatus')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class BorderStatus(models.Model):
    STATUS_CHOICES = [
        ('OP', 'OPEN'),
        ('SEMI', 'CAUTION'),
        ('CLOSED', 'CLOSED')
    ]
    Country = models.ForeignKey(Country, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    OpenDestination = models.ForeignKey(OpenDestination, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    status = models.CharField(max_length=6, choices=STATUS_CHOICES, default='CLOSED')

    class Meta:
        unique_together = (('Country', 'OpenDestination'))

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.Country) + ' and ' + str(self.OpenDestination)

在admin.py

class OpenDestinationInline(admin.TabularInline):
    model = OpenDestination.origin_country.through

class ConutryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    inlines = [
        OpenDestinationInline
    ]
    filter_horizontal = ('origin_country',)


admin.site.register(Country, ConutryAdmin)
admin.site.register(OpenDestination)
admin.site.register(BorderStatus)

所以现在当我从Country 模型访问一个国家时，我会看到来自OpenDestination 模型的许多国家的列表（由于加入表，每个国家都有自己的状态）。现在我试图弄清楚从“国家”访问单个国家时是否可以从“OpenDestination”中过滤国家。

我尝试将 filter_vertical/horizo​​ntal filter_vertical = ('name',) 添加到 CountryAdmin 但出现错误：

The value of 'filter_vertical[0]' must be a many-to-many field.

Answer 1

所以您的数据模型没有多大意义。我稍微改写了一下，我认为的意图是：可以从不同来源（也是国家）到达的目的地（国家）。

数据模型：

from django.db import models


class Country(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True, verbose_name="Country")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "Countries"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Destination(models.Model):
    destination = models.ForeignKey(
        Country, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="destinations"
    )
    origin_countries = models.ManyToManyField(
        Country, related_name="origins", through="BorderStatus"
    )

    def __str__(self):
        return self.destination.name


class BorderStatus(models.Model):
    STATUS_CHOICES = [("OP", "OPEN"), ("SEMI", "CAUTION"), ("CLOSED", "CLOSED")]
    destination = models.ForeignKey(Destination, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    origin_country = models.ForeignKey(Country, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    status = models.CharField(max_length=6, choices=STATUS_CHOICES, default="CLOSED")

    class Meta:
        unique_together = [("origin_country", "destination")]

    def __str__(self):
        return (
            f"{self.origin_country.name} -> {self.destination.destination.name}"
            f" ({self.status})"
        )

现在对我来说更有意义的管理员是 Destination 模型：它定义了您可以从哪个国家/地区到达那里。它看起来像这样：

此处的所有国家/地区选择都是自动填充字段。

所以我们得到了这个管理员代码：

from django.contrib import admin
from . import models


class BorderStatusInline(admin.TabularInline):
    model = models.BorderStatus
    autocomplete_fields = ("origin_country",)


@admin.register(models.Destination)
class OpenDestinationAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    inlines = [BorderStatusInline]
    autocomplete_fields = ("destination",)


@admin.register(models.Country)
class CountryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    search_fields = ("name",)
    ordering = ("name",)