测试影响真实数据库

Question

Django 1.9.7 PostgreSQL 9.5.3

你能帮我理解发生了什么吗？测试会影响我的真实数据库。虽然在控制台中它宣布“为别名'default'创建测试数据库”。

当我运行测试，然后运行服务器并转到http://localhost:8000/admin/auth/user/ 时，我可以看到两个用户：1) michael，和 2) fe64d759-419c-41d7-b266-acfeb0，电子邮件为 lennon@thebeatles.com。

嗯，最后一个肯定是在测试期间创建的。我可以删除它并仔细检查：这样的用户肯定是由测试创建的。

这里还有一个问题：表“auth_user”中不存在密钥（created_by_id）=（14）。我不知道它是否与标题问题有关。 也许不是，但我会在我的真实数据库分离且安全后尝试处理。

无论如何，测试会影响真实的数据库。你能帮帮我吗？

/pharchive/pharchive/settings.py

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'NAME': 'myproject',
        'USER': 'michael',
        'PASSWORD': '***',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': '',
    }
}

/pharchive/masterdocument/tests.py

from django.test import TransactionTestCase
today = datetime.datetime.today()

def create_user(name = None):
        name = (name or str(uuid.uuid4())[:30])    
        user = User.objects.create_user(name, 'lennon@thebeatles.com', 'johnpassword')    
        return user  

class MasterDocumentTest(TransactionTestCase):    


    user = create_user()

    def create_master_document(self, title=None,
                           dated_from=today,
                           dated_through=today,
                           created_by=user,
                           creation_date=today):

        title = title or "Some title"

        md = MasterDocument.objects.create(title = title,
                                           dated_from = dated_from,
                                           dated_through = dated_through,
                                           created_by = created_by,
                                           creation_date = creation_date)
        return md

    def test_0_create_master_document(self):
        self.create_master_document()

        number_of_mds = MasterDocument.objects.all().count()
        self.assertEqual(number_of_mds, 1)

追溯

Creating test database for alias 'default'...
E
======================================================================
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...
ERROR: test_0_create_master_document (masterdocument.tests.MasterDocumentTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/michael/workspace/venvs/photoarchive1/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 211, in _commit
    return self.connection.commit()
psycopg2.IntegrityError: insert or update on table "masterdocument_masterdocument" violates foreign key constraint "masterdocument_masterdoc_created_by_id_5cb1a3d5_fk_auth_user_id"
DETAIL:  Key (created_by_id)=(14) is not present in table "auth_user".


The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/michael/workspace/pharchive/pharchive/masterdocument/tests.py", line 41, in test_0_create_master_document
    self.create_master_document()
  File "/home/michael/workspace/pharchive/pharchive/masterdocument/tests.py", line 37, in create_master_document
    creation_date = creation_date)
  File "/home/michael/workspace/venvs/photoarchive1/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 122, in manager_method
    return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/michael/workspace/venvs/photoarchive1/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 401, in create
    obj.save(force_insert=True, using=self.db)
  File "/home/michael/workspace/venvs/photoarchive1/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 708, in save
    force_update=force_update, update_fields=update_fields)
  File "/home/michael/workspace/venvs/photoarchive1/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 736, in save_base
    updated = self._save_table(raw, cls, force_insert, force_update, using, update_fields)
  File "/home/michael/workspace/venvs/photoarchive1/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/transaction.py", line 223, in __exit__
    connection.commit()
  File "/home/michael/workspace/venvs/photoarchive1/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 242, in commit
    self._commit()
  File "/home/michael/workspace/venvs/photoarchive1/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 211, in _commit
    return self.connection.commit()
  File "/home/michael/workspace/venvs/photoarchive1/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 95, in __exit__
    six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
  File "/home/michael/workspace/venvs/photoarchive1/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 685, in reraise
    raise value.with_traceback(tb)
  File "/home/michael/workspace/venvs/photoarchive1/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 211, in _commit
    return self.connection.commit()
django.db.utils.IntegrityError: insert or update on table "masterdocument_masterdocument" violates foreign key constraint "masterdocument_masterdoc_created_by_id_5cb1a3d5_fk_auth_user_id"
DETAIL:  Key (created_by_id)=(14) is not present in table "auth_user".


----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 2.518s

FAILED (errors=1)
Finished "/home/michael/workspace/pharchive/pharchive/manage.py test" execution.

Answer 1

在def create_master_document 中添加user = create_user()。

或

self.user = create_user()
def create_master_document(created_by = self.user)