Django 搜索实现，条件路由

Question

我正在尝试使用 Django 实现基本的搜索功能。可以使用帮助来访问基于功能或基于类的视图中模板中的表单的查询输入。预期功能：

• 如果存在确切的搜索查询页面，则显示该页面
• 如果页面标题包含查询的内容，则显示所有结果
• 如果两者都没有，则显示一条消息，说明未找到结果

我只是在学习，所以我尝试了功能视图和基于类的视图。我在文档/视频/教科书上花了很长时间，但不知道如何从基于类的视图中获得预期的行为。我了解收集 object_list 并获取 query_set，但是您如何路由到这三个不同的条件。我尝试覆盖 dispatch() 和 as_views() 方法无济于事。尝试使用 Django 表单类，但没有。

由于某种原因，功能视图会继续执行第一个 try 语句，而不是在未找到完全匹配时抛出 DoesNotExist 异常。所以它显示的是入口页面而不是搜索结果页面。看起来 request.GET 无论如何都是 None 类型，因为当我尝试打印时什么都没有显示。

urls.py

from re import search
from django.urls import path

from . import views
from .views import IndexPageView, SearchView

app_name = "wiki"
urlpatterns = [
    # ex: /wiki/
    path("", views.index, name="index"),
    # path("", IndexPageView.as_view(), name="index"),
    # ex: /wiki/EntryPageName
    path("wiki/<str:entry>/", views.displayEntry, name="displayEntry"),
    # path("wiki/search/", views.searchView, name="searchView")
    path("wiki/search/", SearchView.as_view(), name="searchView")
]

型号

class Entry(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.title}"
    content = models.TextField()

views.py

def searchView(request):
    searchedTerm = request.GET.get('q')
    try:
        exactMatch = Entry.objects.get(title=searchedTerm)
        entryTitle = exactMatch.title
        entryHTML = markdown2.markdown(exactMatch.content)
        return render(request, "encyclopedia/displayEntry.html", {
            "entryTitle": entryTitle,
            "entryHTML": entryHTML
        })
    except:
        try:
            searchResults = Entry.objects.filter(Q(title__icontains=searchedTerm))
            return render(request, "encyclopedia/searchResults.html", {
                "searchResults": searchResults,
                "searchedTerm": searchedTerm
            })
        except:
            return render(request, "encyclopedia/searchResults.html", {
            "emptyResults": f"No entries found matching: {searchedTerm}",
            "searchedTerm": searchedTerm
        })

class SearchView(ListView):
    template_name = "encyclopedia/searchResults.html"
    model = Entry
    context_object_name = "searchList"

    def get_queryset(self):
        searchedTerm = self.request.GET.get('q')
        try:
            searchResults = Entry.objects.get(title=searchedTerm)
            return searchResults
        except:
            try:
                searchResults = Entry.objects.filter(Q(title__icontains=searchedTerm))
                return searchResults
            except:
                pass
            
    def as_view():
        searchedTerm = self.request.GET.get('q')
        try:
            exactMatch = Entry.objects.get(title=searchedTerm)
            entryTitle = exactMatch.title
            entryHTML = markdown2.markdown(exactMatch.content)
            return render(request, "encyclopedia/displayEntry.html", {
                "entryTitle": entryTitle,
                "entryHTML": entryHTML,
            })
        except:
            searchResults = Entry.objects.filter(Q(title__icontains=searchedTerm))
            return render(request, "encyclopedia/searchResults.html", {
                "searchResults": searchResults,
                "searchedTerm": searchedTerm
            })
        else:
            return render(request, "encyclopedia/searchResults.html", {
                "emptyResults": f"No entries found matching: {searchedTerm}",
                "searchedTerm": searchedTerm
            })

从 layout.html 搜索表单

<form action="{% url 'wiki:search' %}" method="GET">
    <input class="search" type="text" name="q" placeholder="Search Encyclopedia">
    <!-- <input type="submit" value="submit"> -->
</form>

显示入口页面模板

{% extends "encyclopedia/layout.html" %}

{% block title %}
    {% if entryTitle %}
        {{ entryTitle }}
    {% else %}
        Page Not Found!
    {% endif %}
{% endblock %}

{% block body %}
    {% if entryHTML %}
        {{ entryHTML|safe }}
    {% else %}
        <p>This page does not exist yet.</p>
        <p>Check your spelling or create a new entry!</p>
        <p>?? {{ testPrint }}</p>
    {% endif %}
{% endblock %}

搜索结果页面

{% extends "encyclopedia/layout.html" %}

{% block title %}
    Search Results: {{ searchedTerm }}
{% endblock %}


{% block body %}

    {% if searchResults %}
        <h3>Search Results</h3>
        <ul>
            {% for result in searchResults %}    
                <li><a href="{% url 'wiki:displayPage' result.title %}">{{ result.title }}</a></li>
            {% endfor %}
        </ul>
    {% else %}
        <h3>{{ emptyResults }}</h3>        
    {% endif %}

{% endblock %}

Answer 1

型号

class Entry(models.Model):
   title = models.CharField(max_length=64)
   content = models.TextField()

   def __str__(self):
     return self.title

观看次数

from django.views.generic.list import ListView
from django.views.generic.detail import DetailView
from app.models import Entry

class EntryListView(ListView):

   model = Entry
   paginate_by = 100  # if pagination is desired

   def get_queryset(self):
     queryset = super().get_queryset()
     q = self.request.GET.get("q")
     if q:
        queryset = queryset.filter(title__icontains=q)
     return queryset


 class EntryDetailView(DetailView):
    model = Entry

网址

from django.urls import path

from app.views import EntryListView, EntryDetailView

urlpatterns = [
    path('', EntryListView.as_view(), name='entry-list'),
    path('<int:pk>/', ArticleDetailView.as_view(), name='entry-detail'),
]