无法通过在 python 中使用带有 selenium 的 xpath 来单击元素

Question

我正在尝试使用 selenium 框架来了解有关 Web 浏览器自动化的知识。因此，我决定打造一款奥迪车型……

到目前为止我的代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

chrome_driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r"chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe")
chrome_driver.get("https://www.audi.de/de/brand/de/neuwagen.html")

# choose A3 model
chrome_driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="list"]/div[1]/ul/li[2]/a[2]').click()

# choose sedan version
WebDriverWait(chrome_driver, 3).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '//*[@id="a3limo"]/div/a'))).click()

# start model configuration
WebDriverWait(chrome_driver, 3).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[6]/div[2]/div/div[1]/ul/li[1]/a'))).click()

# choose the s-line competition package
WebDriverWait(chrome_driver, 3).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[7]/div[2]/div[2]/div[3]/div[1]/div/div[1]/div/div[1]/span/span'))).click()

# accept the s-line competition package
WebDriverWait(chrome_driver, 3).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '/html/body/div[5]/div/div/div/div/div/ul[2]/li[2]/a'))).click()

现在，代码在start model configuration 行上已经失败（请参阅网页https://www.audi.de/de/brand/de/neuwagen/a3/a3-limousine-2019.html 上的“配置启动”按钮）。 xPath 必须是正确的，并且元素也应该是可见的，那么我在这里做错了什么？

Answer 1

实际需要的链接只有在向下滚动页面时才可见。

尝试使用这段代码点击链接：

configuration_start = chrome_driver.find_element_by_xpath('//a[@title="Konfiguration starten"]')
chrome_driver.execute_script('arguments[0].scrollIntoView();', configuration_start)    
configuration_start.click()

由于导航面板位置固定，可能会与目标链接重叠，因此您可以在处理链接之前更改导航面板样式：

nav_panel = chrome_driver.find_element_by_xpath('//div[@data-module="main-navigation"]')
driver.execute_script('arguments[0].style.position = "absolute";', nav_panel)

Answer 2

以下似乎对我有用。我添加了等待元素，并通过 javascript 使用了元素的模拟点击。

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

url = 'https://www.audi.de/de/brand/de/neuwagen.html'
d = webdriver.Chrome()
d.get(url)
WebDriverWait(d,10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, '[data-filterval="a3"]'))).click()
d.get(WebDriverWait(d,10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, '#a3limo .mf-model-details a'))).get_attribute('href'))
element = WebDriverWait(d,10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, '[title="Konfiguration starten"]')))
d.execute_script("arguments[0].click();", element)