【发布时间】：2020-09-24 14:35:52
【问题描述】：
我正在尝试安装 Nokogiri gem 以与 Ruby on Rails 一起使用，但无论我安装哪些软件包，我都无法构建它。我正在运行 Ubuntu 20.04。
我已经在 Nokogiri 网站 (https://nokogiri.org/tutorials/installing_nokogiri.html) 上安装了本指南中的所有软件包：
sudo apt-get install build-essential patch ruby-dev zlib1g-dev liblzma-dev
gem install nokogiri
我使用的是RVM，所以我也安装了libgmp-dev包，上面教程也推荐了。
在寻找其他解决方案的同时，我还安装了以下软件包：
sudo apt-get install gcc ruby-dev libxslt-dev libxml2-dev zlib1g-dev
Ruby 版本：2.7.1
RVM 版本：1.29.10
宝石版本：3.1.2
gem_make.out
current directory: /home/dan/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.7.1/gems/nokogiri-1.10.10/ext/nokogiri
/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.1/bin/ruby -I /usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.1/lib/ruby/2.7.0 -r ./siteconf20200924-8532-1t7wwwh.rb extconf.rb
checking if the C compiler accepts ... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may
need configuration options.
Provided configuration options:
--with-opt-dir
--without-opt-dir
--with-opt-include
--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
--with-opt-lib
--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
--with-make-prog
--without-make-prog
--srcdir=.
--curdir
--ruby=/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.1/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
--help
--clean
/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.1/lib/ruby/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:471:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
from /usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.1/lib/ruby/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:597:in `block in try_compile'
from /usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.1/lib/ruby/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:544:in `with_werror'
from /usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.1/lib/ruby/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:597:in `try_compile'
from extconf.rb:138:in `nokogiri_try_compile'
from extconf.rb:162:in `block in add_cflags'
from /usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.1/lib/ruby/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:655:in `with_cflags'
from extconf.rb:161:in `add_cflags'
from extconf.rb:416:in `<main>'
To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:
/home/dan/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.7.1/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.7.0/nokogiri-1.10.10/mkmf.log
extconf failed, exit code 1
mkmf.log
"gcc -o conftest -I/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.1/include/ruby-2.7.0/x86_64-linux -I/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.1/include/ruby-2.7.0/ruby/backward -I/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.1/include/ruby-2.7.0 -I. -O3 -ggdb3 -Wall -Wextra -Wdeprecated-declarations -Wduplicated-cond -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wimplicit-int -Wmisleading-indentation -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wimplicit-fallthrough=0 -Wmissing-noreturn -Wno-cast-function-type -Wno-constant-logical-operand -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-overlength-strings -Wno-packed-bitfield-compat -Wno-parentheses-equality -Wno-self-assign -Wno-tautological-compare -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-unused-value -Wsuggest-attribute=format -Wsuggest-attribute=noreturn -Wunused-variable -fPIC conftest.c -L. -L/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.1/lib -Wl,-rpath,/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.1/lib -L. -fstack-protector-strong -rdynamic -Wl,-export-dynamic -Wl,-rpath,'/../lib' -Wl,-rpath,'/../lib' -lruby -lm -lc "
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option '-Wduplicated-cond'
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option '-Wmisleading-indentation'
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option '-Wimplicit-fallthrough=0'
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2:
3: int main(int argc, char **argv)
4: {
5: return !!argv[argc];
6: }
/* end */
任何帮助将不胜感激。
【问题讨论】：
-
作为一个建议，你可以尝试安装Nokogiri版本
1.11.0beta：github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/2075——像你这样的错误是一个非常普遍存在的问题，团队希望能避免今后遇到困难。 -
我在 docker 容器上按照这些步骤操作，但没有收到任何错误 :(
-
@TomLord 1.11.0rc3 安装对我来说没有问题。谢谢
-
@TomLord 现在我有一个问题，Rails 仍然想下载 Nokogiri 的旧版本 (1.10.10) 作为依赖项。有没有办法强制 Rails 使用 beta 版本？
-
@DanPerry 你的 Gemfile 和 Gemfile.lock 是什么？我不知道为什么您在没有看到依赖项的情况下被锁定到特定版本。不过，一般来说，除非您在
Gemfile中明确要求，否则您不会使用 alpha/beta/pre/candidate 版本。