网页抓取多个相似页面

Question

我是 python 网络抓取的新手，我试图获取加拿大不同 winmar 位置的地址，并将结果放入 csv 文件中。到目前为止，我发现区分不同地点的唯一方法是通过地址末尾的代码（数字）。问题是结果不会随着程序的运行而改变，而是在打印到 csv 文件时产生第一个位置 (305) 的结果。感谢您的时间和考虑！

这是我的代码：

import csv
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

x = 0
numbers = ['305', '405', '306', '307', '308', '309', '4273']

f = csv.writer(open('Winmar_locations.csv', 'w'))
f.writerow(['City:', 'Address:'])

for links in numbers:

    for x in range(0, 6):
        url = 'https://www.winmar.ca/find-a-location/' + str(numbers[x])
        r = requests.get(url)
        soup = BeautifulSoup(r.content, "html.parser")

    location_name = soup.find("div", attrs={"class": "title_block"})
    location_name_items = location_name.find_all('h2')

    location_list = soup.find(class_='quick_info')
    location_list_items = location_list.find_all('p')

    for name in location_name_items:
        names = name.text
        names = names.replace('Location | ', '')

    for location in location_list_items:
        locations = location.text.strip()
        locations = locations.replace('24 Hour Emergency | (902) 679-1116','')

    print(names, locations)
    x = x+1

    f.writerow([names, locations])

Answer 1

您的代码中有几处错误，而您正在抓取的网站有一处错误

• 第一次访问像https://www.winmar.ca/find-a-location/308这样的url不会正确改变位置，它需要像这样https://www.winmar.ca/find-a-location/#308在数字前加上hashbang。

• 该网站具有相同类的重复 html，这意味着您几乎一直在加载所有位置，他们只是从他们的 js 代码中选择要显示的位置-当然是不好的做法-，这使您的匹配器总是得到相同的位置，这解释了为什么您总是重复相同的位置。

• 最后，你有很多不必要的循环，你只需要遍历 numbers 数组就可以了。

这是您的代码的修改版本

import csv
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

x = 0
numbers = ['305', '405', '306', '307', '308', '309', '4273']


names = []
locations = []
for x in range(0, 6):
    url = 'https://www.winmar.ca/find-a-location/#' + str(numbers[x])
    print(f"pinging url {url}")

    r = requests.get(url)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(r.content, "html.parser")
    scope = soup.find(attrs={"data-id": str(numbers[x])})

    location_name = scope.find("div", attrs={"class": "title_block"})
    location_name_items = location_name.find_all('h2')


    location_list = scope.find(class_='quick_info')
    location_list_items = location_list.find_all('p')

    name = location_name.find_all("h2")[0].text
    print(name)

    names.append(name)

    for location in location_list_items:
        loc = location.text.strip()
        if '24 Hour Emergency' in loc: 
            continue
        print(loc)
        locations.append(loc)

    x = x+1

注意我所做的范围界定

    scope = soup.find(attrs={"data-id": str(numbers[x])})

这使您的代码不受它们在 html 中加载了多少位置的影响，您只需将范围定位到您想要的位置。

这会导致：

pinging url https://www.winmar.ca/find-a-location/#305
Location | Annapolis
70 Donald E Hiltz Connector Road
Kentville, NS
B4N 3V7
pinging url https://www.winmar.ca/find-a-location/#405
Location | Bridgewater
15585 Highway # 3
Hebbville, NS
B4V 6X7
pinging url https://www.winmar.ca/find-a-location/#306
Location | Halifax
9 Isnor Dr
Dartmouth, NS
B3B 1M1
pinging url https://www.winmar.ca/find-a-location/#307
Location | New Glasgow
5074 Hwy. #4, RR #1
Westville, NS
B0K 2A0
pinging url https://www.winmar.ca/find-a-location/#308
Location | Port Hawkesbury
8 Industrial Park Rd
Lennox Passage, NS
B0E 1V0
pinging url https://www.winmar.ca/find-a-location/#309
Location | Sydney
358 Keltic Drive
Sydney River, NS
B1R 1V7

Answer 2

虽然你有一个合格的答案，但我还是想出我的。我试图使脚本简洁，摆脱冗长。确保您的 bs4 版本为 4.7.0 或更高版本，以便它支持我在脚本中定义的pseudo selector 以定位地址。

import csv
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

base = 'https://www.winmar.ca/find-a-location/#{}'

numbers = ['305', '405', '306', '307', '308', '309', '4273']

with open("Winmar_locations.csv","w",newline="") as f:
    writer = csv.writer(f)
    writer.writerow(['City','Address'])

    while numbers:
        num = numbers.pop(0)
        r = requests.get(base.format(num))
        soup = BeautifulSoup(r.content,"html.parser")

        location_name = soup.select_one(f"[data-id='{num}'] .title_block > h2.title").contents[-1]
        location_address = soup.select_one(f"[data-id='{num}'] .heading:contains('Address') + p").get_text(strip=True)
        writer.writerow([location_name,location_address])
        print(location_name,location_address)