Beautiful Soup 不允许我解析包含 HTML 的变量

Question

我正在尝试漂亮地打印我存储在变量中的 HTML 电子邮件，但我不断收到来自 BS4 的错误消息，说它需要一个字符串。

这是我的代码：

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import imaplib
import email


mail = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL('imap.gmail.com')

username = raw_input('USERNAME (email):')
password = raw_input('PASSWORD: ')

try:
    mail.login(username, password)
    print "Logged in as %r !" % username
except: 
    imaplib.error
    print "Log in failed."

mail.list()
# Out: list of "folders" aka labels in gmail.
mail.select("inbox") # connect to inbox.

result, data = mail.uid('search', None, '(FROM "tiffany@e.tiffany.com")')
latest_email_uid = data[0].split()[1]
result, data = mail.uid('fetch', latest_email_uid, '(RFC822)')
raw_email = data[0][1]

email_message = email.message_from_string(raw_email)

print email_message

html = email_message
soup = BeautifulSoup(html)
print soup.prettify()

这是我正在处理的打印的 HTML 电子邮件：http://pastebin.com/qfAHwkdV

这是我得到的错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "tiff.py", line 34, in <module>
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/7.3/lib/python2.7/site-packages/bs4/__init__.py", line 169, in __init__
    self.builder.prepare_markup(markup, from_encoding))
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/7.3/lib/python2.7/site-packages/bs4/builder/_htmlparser.py", line 139, in prepare_markup
    dammit = UnicodeDammit(markup, try_encodings, is_html=True)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/7.3/lib/python2.7/site-packages/bs4/dammit.py", line 203, in __init__
    self._detectEncoding(markup, is_html)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/7.3/lib/python2.7/site-packages/bs4/dammit.py", line 372, in _detectEncoding
    xml_encoding_match = xml_encoding_re.match(xml_data)
TypeError: expected string or buffer

为什么我无法将 HTML 转换为变量以使用 BS4 解析？

谢谢

Answer 1

根据the documentation on .message_from_string，这不会返回一个字符串，而是一个消息对象。 BeautifulSoup() 需要一个字符串（或缓冲区）。

也许是soup = BeautifulSoup(str(html)) 或soup = BeautifulSoup(unicode(html))