如何在 Django 中序列化对象数组

Question

我正在使用 Django 和 REST Framework，我正在尝试为我的一个视图创建一个 get 函数并遇到错误。基本想法是我正在创建一个可以有多个商店的市场。每个商店可以有许多产品。因此，我正在尝试查询一家商店中存在的所有产品。一旦我得到所有这些产品，我想将它发送到我的序列化程序，它最终会将它作为 JSON 对象返回。我已经能够使它适用于一个产品，但它不适用于一系列产品。

我的产品模型如下所示：

'''Product model to store the details of all the products'''
class Product(models.Model):

    # Define the fields of the product model
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    price = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    quantity = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    description = models.CharField(max_length=200, default='', null=True, blank=True)
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to='uploads/images/products')
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category, on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=1)    # Foriegn key with Category Model
    store = models.ForeignKey(Store, on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=1)
    
    ''' Filter functions for the product model '''

    # Create a static method to retrieve all products from the database
    @staticmethod
    def get_all_products():

        # Return all products
        return Product.objects.all()

     # Filter the data by store ID:
    @staticmethod
    def get_all_products_by_store(store_id):

        # Check if store ID was passed
        if store_id:
            return Product.objects.filter(store=store_id)

我构建的产品序列化器如下：-

class ProductSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Product
        fields = '__all__'

我创建的视图在下面

class StoreView(generics.ListAPIView):
    """Store view which returns the store data as a Json file. 
    """

    # Define class variables 
    serializer_class = StoreSerializer

    # Manage a get request 
    def get(self, request):
        
        # Get storeid for filtering from the page
        store_id = request.GET.get('id')
       
        if store_id:
            queryset = Product.get_all_products_by_store(store_id)
            # queryset = Product.get_all_products_by_store(store_id)[0]
        else: 
            queryset = Product.get_all_products()
            # queryset = Product.get_all_products()[0]
            print("QUERYSET", queryset)
        
        return Response(ProductSerializer(queryset).data)

上面的视图给了我以下错误

AttributeError at /market
Got AttributeError when attempting to get a value for field `name` on serializer `ProductSerializer`.
The serializer field might be named incorrectly and not match any attribute or key on the `QuerySet` instance.
Original exception text was: 'QuerySet' object has no attribute 'name'.

如果改为queryset = Product.get_all_products_by_store(store_id)，我使用它下面的行，我只选择第一个选项，然后我得到正确的 JSON 响应，但如果有多个产品，那么我无法序列化。如何让它发挥作用？

Answer 1

如果要序列化多条记录，要么改用ListSerializer，要么将many=True传递给ModelSerializer的构造函数：

return Response(ProductSerializer(queryset, many=True).data)

Answer 2

感谢@yedpodtrzitko 的指导，我找到了答案。 我必须进行两项更改。

1. 在函数外定义queryset
2. 传递 many=True 的构造函数ModelSerializer

class StoreView(generics.ListAPIView):
    """Store view which returns the store data as a Json file. 
    """

    # Define class variables 
    queryset = []
    serializer_class = StoreSerializer

    # Manage a get request 
    def get(self, request):
        
        # Get storeid for filtering from the page
        store_id = request.GET.get('id')
       
        if store_id:
            queryset = Product.get_all_products_by_store(store_id)
        else: 
            queryset = Product.get_all_products()
            print("QUERYSET", queryset)
        
        return Response(ProductSerializer(queryset, many = True).data)