Selenium 无法识别 Python 中的用户输入

Question

我正在研究一个书籍存储库，特别是测试驱动开发的第 5 章，可以在这个存储库中找到它：https://github.com/hjwp/book-example/tree/chapter_05。当我尝试运行功能测试时，创建一个简单的 POST 表单，提交一些输入，然后检查输入是否已呈现，我收到以下错误：

======================================================================
FAIL: test_can_start_a_list_and_retrieve_it_later (__main__.NewVisitorTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "book-example-chapter_05/functional_tests.py", line 45, in test_can_start_a_list_and_retrieve_it_later
    self.check_for_row_in_list_table('1: Buy peacock feathers')
  File "book-example-chapter_05/functional_tests.py", line 18, in check_for_row_in_list_table
    self.assertIn(row_text, [row.text for row in rows])
AssertionError: '1: Buy peacock feathers' not found in ['']

---------------------------------------------------------------------

从邮件列表上的讨论看来，这可能是由于浏览器没有收到“ENTER”键。当我将行更改为inputbox.send_keys('Buy peacock feathers\n')，直接发送一个换行符时，我收到以下错误：

======================================================================
ERROR: test_can_start_a_list_and_retrieve_it_later (__main__.NewVisitorTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "book-example-chapter_05/functional_tests.py", line 44, in test_can_start_a_list_and_retrieve_it_later
    inputbox.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
  File "/Users/r/virtualenvs/r/bin/python3venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webelement.py", line 322, in send_keys
    self._execute(Command.SEND_KEYS_TO_ELEMENT, {'value': typing})
  File "/Users/r/virtualenvs/r/bin/python3venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webelement.py", line 448, in _execute
    return self._parent.execute(command, params)
  File "/Users/r/virtualenvs/r/bin/python3venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 196, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "/Users/r/virtualenvs/r/bin/python3venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 181, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.StaleElementReferenceException: Message: Element not found in the cache - perhaps the page has changed since it was looked up
Stacktrace:
    at fxdriver.cache.getElementAt (resource://fxdriver/modules/web-element-cache.js:9348)
    at Utils.getElementAt (file:///var/folders/k5/t81w4vh94rg1ps_h5tb_vbr00000gn/T/tmp0cz8wkgo/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:8942)
    at fxdriver.preconditions.visible (file:///var/folders/k5/t81w4vh94rg1ps_h5tb_vbr00000gn/T/tmp0cz8wkgo/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:9980)
    at DelayedCommand.prototype.checkPreconditions_ (file:///var/folders/k5/t81w4vh94rg1ps_h5tb_vbr00000gn/T/tmp0cz8wkgo/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12626)
    at DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_/h (file:///var/folders/k5/t81w4vh94rg1ps_h5tb_vbr00000gn/T/tmp0cz8wkgo/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12643)
    at fxdriver.Timer.prototype.setTimeout/<.notify (file:///var/folders/k5/t81w4vh94rg1ps_h5tb_vbr00000gn/T/tmp0cz8wkgo/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:623)

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 5.511s

所以这似乎表明 DOM 树存在错误，并且它试图找到的下一个元素（一个 id 等于 'id_list_table' 的元素）找不到。

为什么会这样？如何让 Selenium 测试添加的列表项及其在我创建的表中的存在？

Answer 1

原来 selenium runserver 命令对于每个应用程序都是唯一的——我正在从新的（正确的）存储库运行功能测试，但我没有使用新的存储库重新启动服务器，我使用的是使用我的旧存储库启动的服务器。重新启动服务器，它现在按预期工作。

Answer 2

我认为您不想使用\n。如果你想通过 selenium 发送回车键，你会这样做：

 inputbox.send_keys('Buy peacock feathers')
 inputbox.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)

\n 是换行符。这基本上意味着它结束了当前行。看看this stackoverflow answer 的详细解释。

Answer 3

我也遇到了这个问题。我错过了home.html 的input 上的name=item_text。

我不知道为什么我在view 中忘记了这一点，request.POST.get('item_text', '') 用name 查找input。

Answer 4

我以前见过这种问题，为了解决这个问题，我通常先尝试提交，然后发送return key。

这是我的自定义包装类的摘录。 elem 将是您的输入元素。

    try:
        self.debug("Trying regular submit")
        elem.submit()
    except:
        self.debug("Regular submit failed, sending RETURN key")
        elem.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)