AttributeError: 'WebElement' object has no attribute 'copy' error when move the function Select to a common file using Selenium Python through Django

Question

我有一个这样的 HTML 元素

<select id="my_id">
<option value="">ALL</option>
<option value="1.0">ALL</option>
<option value="2.0">A</option>
<option value="3.0">B</option>
<option value="4.0">C</option>
</select>

当我在测试文件中使用定义函数时，我想选择并选择一个值 它会正常工作

my_test_file.py
def _find_and_select(self, elm_id, value):
    select_item = Select(self.browser.find_element_by_id(elm_id))
    select_item.select_by_value(value)

self._find_and_select("my_id", "1.0")

但是当我移动到一个通用的测试文件时

common_file.py
class Common:
    @staticmethod
    def _find_and_select(browser, elm_id, value):
        select_item = Select(browser.find_element_by_id(elm_id))
        select_item.select_by_value(value)

my_test_file.py
Common._find_and_select(self.browser, "my_id", "1.0")

会报错：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\iBNet-Prj\ibnet\apps\autotest\contract\tests.py", line 251, in test_search
    CommonTest._find_and_select(self.browser, "contractLoanStatus", loanStatus[0])
  File "D:\iBNet-Prj\ibnet\apps\common_test.py", line 467, in _find_and_select
    select_item = Select(browser.find_element_by_id(elm_id))
  File "D:\iBNet-Prj\venv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\widgets.py", line 558, in __init__
    super().__init__(attrs)
  File "D:\iBNet-Prj\venv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\widgets.py", line 201, in __init__
    self.attrs = {} if attrs is None else attrs.copy()
AttributeError: 'WebElement' object has no attribute 'copy'

Answer 1

此错误消息...

  File "D:\iBNet-Prj\ibnet\apps\common_test.py", line 467, in _find_and_select
    select_item = Select(browser.find_element_by_id(elm_id))
  File "D:\iBNet-Prj\venv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\widgets.py", line 558, in __init__
    super().__init__(attrs)
  File "D:\iBNet-Prj\venv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\widgets.py", line 201, in __init__
    self.attrs = {} if attrs is None else attrs.copy()
AttributeError: 'WebElement' object has no attribute 'copy'

...暗示代码行 select_item = Select(browser.find_element_by_id(elm_id)) 失败，并且您正在使用 django 框架 super().__init__(attrs) 被调用，这会产生错误：

AttributeError: 'WebElement' object has no attribute 'copy'

解决方案

要理想地选择所需的元素，您必须为 element_to_be_clickable() 诱导 WebDriverWait，您可以使用以下任一 Locator Strategies：

• 使用CSS_SELECTOR：

  select_item = Select(WebDriverWait(browser, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "select#my_id"))))
  select_item.select_by_value(value)
  

• 使用XPATH：

  select_item = Select(WebDriverWait(browser, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//select[@id='my_id']"))))
  select_item.select_by_value(value)
  

• 注意：您必须添加以下导入：

  from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
  from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
  from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC