Selenium webdriver 在单元测试期间使 Firefox 崩溃

Question

当通过 Selenium 从一些 Django 单元测试中运行 Firefox 时，您如何确定为什么会崩溃？

我的测试用例是：

from django.contrib.staticfiles.testing import StaticLiveServerTestCase
from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
from selenium import webdriver

class Tests(StaticLiveServerTestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        super(Tests, self).setUp()

        self.vdisplay = Display(visible=0, size=(1920, 1080), backend='xvfb')
        self.vdisplay.start()

        profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
        log_path = '/tmp/tests.log'
        self.driver = webdriver.Firefox(profile, log_path=log_path)

    def test_abc(self):
        blah

当我在无头服务器上运行它时：

python manage.py test functional_tests --nomigrations --failfast

它几乎立即出错：

ERROR: test_abc (myproject.functional_tests.tests.Tests)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/myproject/src/buildbot/worker3/myproject_runtests/build/src/myproject/functional_tests/tests.py", line 15, in setUp
    self.driver = webdriver.Firefox(profile, log_path=log_path)
  File "/usr/local/myproject/src/buildbot/worker3/myproject_runtests/build/.env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 158, in __init__
    keep_alive=True)
  File "/usr/local/myproject/src/buildbot/worker3/myproject_runtests/build/.env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 154, in __init__
    self.start_session(desired_capabilities, browser_profile)
  File "/usr/local/myproject/src/buildbot/worker3/myproject_runtests/build/.env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 243, in start_session
    response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
  File "/usr/local/myproject/src/buildbot/worker3/myproject_runtests/build/.env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 312, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "/usr/local/myproject/src/buildbot/worker3/myproject_runtests/build/.env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 237, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
WebDriverException: Message: Process unexpectedly closed with status: 1

所以webdriver 在初始化 Firefox 实例时遇到了问题。但是，日志文件只显示：

1528498122788   geckodriver INFO    geckodriver 0.19.0
1528498122799   geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:39255
1528498123950   mozrunner::runner   INFO    Running command: "/usr/bin/firefox" "-marionette" "-profile" "/tmp/rust_mozprofile.LrTWF7H6fk2y"

我的版本是：

Ubuntu Version is 16.04
Selenium Version is 3.8.1
Geckodriver Version is 0.19.0
Firefox Version is 58.0.1

我尝试升级到最新的 Selenium 3.12、Geckodriver 0.20.1 和 Firefox 60，但我得到了完全相同的错误。

我也尝试运行所有系统包升级，然后重新启动，但没有效果。

我该如何解决这个问题，或者至少获得关于 Firefox 崩溃原因的更好的错误消息？

编辑：这与this question 不同，后者返回的错误消息非常不同。它的解决方案不能解决我的错误。

Answer 1

首先，也许您应该通过以下方式启用trace log：

capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX.copy()
capabilities["moz:firefoxOptions"] = {
    "log": {
        "level": "trace",
    },
}
driver = webdriver.Firefox(capabilities=capabilities)

或者

opts = Options()
opts.log.level = "trace"
driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_options=opts)

其次，据我所知，这个问题通常是由图形环境要求引起的。似乎如果您没有在具有有效DISPLAY 的会话中运行firefox 实例，它将以代码1 退出。

所以也许您的问题可以通过以下方式解决：

options = Options()
profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
options.add_argument("--headless")
driver = webdriver.Firefox(profile, firefox_options=options)

最后，我必须说我实际上不确定您的问题，因为信息有限。