为什么我的树视图会弄乱我在 tkinter 中的列？

Question

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您好，我正在做一个 tkinter 项目，我正在尝试向用户展示我的一些数据。出于某种原因，我的观点打乱了我的格式，即我有一个无缘无故显示的列，而你想要多少共享列已关闭。我该如何解决这个问题？这个项目使用 tkinter，我几乎就在那里，除了我真的找不到解决这个显示问题的方法。感谢任何其他关于如何使我的代码更好的 cmets，这是我的第一个 python 项目。

import tkinter
import tkinter.ttk
import datetime
import yfinance as yf
import main_backend as mb
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import csv as csv


# create classes
class Investment(object):
    def __init__(self,ticker,volume,Date_of_purchase,avg_price):
        self.ticker = ticker
        self.volume = volume
        self.Date_of_purchase = Date_of_purchase
        self.avg_price = avg_price

def GetCurrentValue(ticker):
    ticker_yahoo = yf.Ticker(ticker)
    data = ticker_yahoo.history()
    return(data.tail(1)['Close'].iloc[0])

'''
def file_open():
    try:
        df = pd.read_excel(stocks.csv)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        my_label.config(text="error, we couldn't find the file!")

    #this clears out past data
    clear_tree()

    #show new tree view
    my_tree['column']=list(df.columns)
    my_tree['show']='headings'

    #loop
    for column in my_tree['column']:
        my_tree.heading(column,text=column)

    #display data
    df_rows = df.to_numpy().tolist()
    for row in df_rows:
        my_tree.insert('','end',values=row)

    my_tree.grid(row=25,column=0)


def clear_tree():
    my_tree.delete(*my_tree.get_childen())
'''
def initialize_db():
    mb.create_database()

# we populate the start tab
def start_tab_widgets():
    # Create the label for the frame
    first_window_label = tkinter.ttk.Label(first_frame, text='Welcome to your stock portfolio!')
    first_window_label.grid(column=0, row=0, pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))

    # start_tab functionalities
    lbl_lucky = tkinter.ttk.Label(first_frame,
                                  text='Place your orders below, your portfolio will be generated after you fill in your orders, and click Generate my portfolio')
    lbl_lucky.grid(column=0, row=1, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))
    lbl_insert_stickers = tkinter.ttk.Label(first_frame,text='Insert tickers in this column')
    lbl_insert_stickers.grid(column=0,row=2,pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))
    lbl_how_many_shares = tkinter.ttk.Label(first_frame,text='How many shares do you want?')
    lbl_how_many_shares.grid(column=1,row=2,pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))


    E1_tickers = tkinter.ttk.Entry(first_frame)
    E1_tickers.grid(column=0,row=10,pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))
    E2_tickers = tkinter.ttk.Entry(first_frame)
    E2_tickers.grid(column=0, row=11, pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))
    E3_tickers = tkinter.ttk.Entry(first_frame)
    E3_tickers.grid(column=0, row=12, pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))
    E4_tickers = tkinter.ttk.Entry(first_frame)
    E4_tickers.grid(column=0, row=13, pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))
    E5_tickers = tkinter.ttk.Entry(first_frame)
    E5_tickers.grid(column=0, row=14, pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))

    E1_nb_of_shares = tkinter.ttk.Entry(first_frame)
    E1_nb_of_shares.grid(column=1,row=10,pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))
    E2_nb_of_shares = tkinter.ttk.Entry(first_frame)
    E2_nb_of_shares.grid(column=1, row=11, pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))
    E3_nb_of_shares = tkinter.ttk.Entry(first_frame)
    E3_nb_of_shares.grid(column=1, row=12, pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))
    E4_nb_of_shares = tkinter.ttk.Entry(first_frame)
    E4_nb_of_shares.grid(column=1, row=13, pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))
    E5_nb_of_shares = tkinter.ttk.Entry(first_frame)
    E5_nb_of_shares.grid(column=1, row=14, pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))

    #this records a time stamp when we print the user output
    x = datetime.datetime.now()
    stamp = x.strftime("%c")

    def get_current_price(symbol):
        ticker = yf.Ticker(symbol)
        todays_data = ticker.history(period='1d')
        return todays_data['Close'][0]

    def generate_porfolio():
        #this function aggregates both the ticker and the number of shares, as of now it's printed, but wont be in the final result
        investment1=list(E1_tickers.get()+','+E1_nb_of_shares.get()+','+stamp+str(GetCurrentValue(ticker=E1_tickers.get())))
        investment2=list(E2_tickers.get()+','+E2_nb_of_shares.get()+','+stamp+str(GetCurrentValue(ticker=E2_tickers.get())))
        investment3=list(E3_tickers.get()+','+E3_nb_of_shares.get()+','+stamp+str(GetCurrentValue(ticker=E3_tickers.get())))
        investment4=list(E4_tickers.get()+','+E4_nb_of_shares.get()+','+stamp+str(GetCurrentValue(ticker=E4_tickers.get())))
        investment5=list(E5_tickers.get()+','+E5_nb_of_shares.get()+','+stamp+str(GetCurrentValue(ticker=E5_tickers.get())))
        #return(str(investment1+investment2+investment3+investment4+investment5))' leave it here for now
        initialize_db()
        mb.update_data(E1_tickers.get(),E1_nb_of_shares.get(),stamp,GetCurrentValue(ticker=E1_tickers.get()))
        mb.update_data(E2_tickers.get(),E2_nb_of_shares.get(),stamp,GetCurrentValue(ticker=E2_tickers.get()))
        mb.update_data(E3_tickers.get(),E3_nb_of_shares.get(),stamp,GetCurrentValue(ticker=E3_tickers.get()))
        mb.update_data(E4_tickers.get(),E4_nb_of_shares.get(),stamp,GetCurrentValue(ticker=E4_tickers.get()))
        mb.update_data(E5_tickers.get(),E5_nb_of_shares.get(),stamp,GetCurrentValue(ticker=E5_tickers.get()))

        #Now that the data is in excel, we load it into the front page
        tv_data = tkinter.ttk.Treeview(first_frame,columns=('ticker', 'volume','Date of Purchase', 'Average price'))

        tv_data.heading('ticker',text='ticker')
        tv_data.heading('volume', text='volume')
        tv_data.heading('Date of Purchase', text='Date of Purchase')
        tv_data.heading('Average price', text='Average price')
        tv_data.grid(row=20,column=0,pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))

        with open('stocks.csv') as f:
                reader = csv.DictReader(f,delimiter=',')
                for row in reader:
                    ticker=row['ticker']
                    volume=row['volume']
                    Date=row['Date of Purchase']
                    price=row['Average price']
                    tv_data.insert("",1,values=(ticker,volume,Date,price))










        #lbl_userinput = tkinter.ttk.Label(first_frame,text=userinput) #dont forget to delete this
        #lbl_userinput.grid(column=1,row=98,pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W)) #dont forget to delete this


    #we create a button to output user input
    Btn_ticker_value=tkinter.ttk.Button(first_frame,text='Generate my portfolio',command=generate_porfolio)
    Btn_ticker_value.grid(column=0,row=90,pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))

    # Create the buttons to move frames and exit
    first_window_quit_button = tkinter.Button(first_frame, text = "Quit", command = quit_program)
    first_window_quit_button.grid(column=0, row=100, padx=10,pady=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))
    first_window_next_button = tkinter.Button(first_frame, text = "Next", command = call_second_frame_on_top)
    first_window_next_button.grid(column=1, row=100, padx=10,pady=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))

'''
    #we initiate the five investments
    Investment1=Investment(E1_tickers.get(),E1_nb_of_shares.get(),stamp,get_current_price(E1_tickers))
    Investment2=Investment(E2_tickers.get(),E2_nb_of_shares.get(),stamp,get_current_price(E2_tickers))
    Investment3=Investment(E3_tickers.get(),E3_nb_of_shares.get(),stamp,get_current_price(E3_tickers))
    Investment4=Investment(E4_tickers.get(),E4_nb_of_shares.get(),stamp,get_current_price(E4_tickers))
    Investment5=Investment(E5_tickers.get(),E5_nb_of_shares.get(),stamp,get_current_price(E5_tickers))
'''


def portfolio_widgets():
    # Create the label for the frame
    second_window_label = tkinter.ttk.Label(second_frame, text='Portfolio')
    second_window_label.grid(column=0, row=0, pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))

    # Create the button for the frame
    second_window_back_button = tkinter.Button(second_frame, text = "Back", command = call_first_frame_on_top)
    second_window_back_button.grid(column=0, row=10, pady=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))
    second_window_next_button = tkinter.Button(second_frame, text = "Next", command = call_third_frame_on_top)
    second_window_next_button.grid(column=1, row=10, pady=10, sticky=(tkinter.W))

    #insert porfolio functionalities here
    #first we populate with the portfolio
    lbl_Portfolios_title = tkinter.Label(second_frame, text="Portfolios", bg='orange')
    lbl_Portfolios_title.grid(row=4, column=0, sticky='w', pady=2)
    lbl_Portfolio = tkinter.Label(second_frame, text="Portfolio", bg='orange')
    lbl_Portfolio.grid(row=5, column=0, sticky='w', pady=2)
    lbl_Last = tkinter.Label(second_frame, text="Last", bg='orange')
    lbl_Last.grid(row=5, column=1, sticky='w', pady=2)
    lbl_Change = tkinter.Label(second_frame, text="Change", bg='orange')
    lbl_Change.grid(row=5, column=2, sticky='w', pady=2)
    lbl_Unrealised = tkinter.Label(second_frame, text="Unrealised Gain/Loss", bg='orange')
    lbl_Unrealised.grid(row=5, column=3, sticky='w', pady=2)
    lbl_Total_Return = tkinter.Label(second_frame, text="Total Return", bg='orange')
    lbl_Total_Return.grid(row=5, column=4, sticky='w', pady=2)
    lbl_name_portfolio = tkinter.Label(second_frame, text="Needs work", bg='orange')
    lbl_name_portfolio.grid(row=6, column=0, sticky='w', pady=2)
    lbl_Last_inEUR = tkinter.Label(second_frame, text="Needs work", bg='orange')
    lbl_Last_inEUR.grid(row=6, column=1, sticky='w', pady=2)
    lbl_Change_inper = tkinter.Label(second_frame, text="Needs work", bg='orange')
    lbl_Change_inper.grid(row=6, column=2, sticky='w', pady=2)
    lbl_Unrealized_inEUR = tkinter.Label(second_frame, text="Needs work", bg='orange')
    lbl_Unrealized_inEUR.grid(row=6, column=3, sticky='w', pady=2)
    lbl_Total_ReturninEUR = tkinter.Label(second_frame, text="Needs work", bg='orange')
    lbl_Total_ReturninEUR.grid(row=6, column=4, sticky='w', pady=2)

    # we populate the Portfolio movers section of the second frame
    lbl_Port_movers_title = tkinter.Label(second_frame, text="Portfolio Movers", bg='green')
    btn1 = tkinter.Button(second_frame, text='I want to see my gainers', bd='5', command=())
    btn2 = tkinter.Button(second_frame, text='I want to see my losers', bd='5', command=())

    # We grid the Portfolio movers part
    lbl_Port_movers_title.grid(row=7, column=0, sticky='w', pady=2)
    btn1.grid(row=8, column=0)
    btn2.grid(row=8, column=1)

def reco_widgets():
    # Create the label for the frame
    third_window_label = tkinter.ttk.Label(third_frame, text='Recommendation tab')
    third_window_label.grid(column=0, row=0, pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.N))

    # Create the button for the frame
    third_window_back_button = tkinter.Button(third_frame, text = "Back", command = call_second_frame_on_top)
    third_window_back_button.grid(column=0, row=1, pady=10, sticky=(tkinter.N))
    third_window_quit_button = tkinter.Button(third_frame, text = "Quit", command = quit_program)
    third_window_quit_button.grid(column=1, row=1, pady=10, sticky=(tkinter.N))

def call_first_frame_on_top():
    # This function can be called only from the second window.
    # Hide the second window and show the first window.
    second_frame.grid_forget()
    first_frame.grid(column=0, row=0, padx=20, pady=5, sticky=(tkinter.W, tkinter.N, tkinter.E))

def call_second_frame_on_top():
    # This function can be called from the first and third windows.
    # Hide the first and third windows and show the second window.
    first_frame.grid_forget()
    third_frame.grid_forget()
    second_frame.grid(column=0, row=0, padx=20, pady=5, sticky=(tkinter.W, tkinter.N, tkinter.E))

def call_third_frame_on_top():
    # This function can only be called from the second window.
    # Hide the second window and show the third window.#
    second_frame.grid_forget()
    third_frame.grid(column=0, row=0, padx=20, pady=5, sticky=(tkinter.W, tkinter.N, tkinter.E))

def quit_program():
    root_window.destroy()

# we run the main program now

# Create the root GUI window.
root_window = tkinter.Tk()
root_window.title('Stock portfolio')
root_window.geometry('1000x800')

# Define window size
window_width = 1000
window_heigth = 1000

# Create frames inside the root window to hold other GUI elements. All frames must be created in the main program, otherwise they are not accessible in functions.
first_frame=tkinter.ttk.Frame(root_window, width=window_width, height=window_heigth)
first_frame['borderwidth'] = 2
first_frame.grid(column=0, row=0, padx=20, pady=5, sticky=(tkinter.W, tkinter.W, tkinter.E))

second_frame=tkinter.ttk.Frame(root_window, width=window_width, height=window_heigth)
second_frame['borderwidth'] = 2
second_frame.grid(column=0, row=0, padx=20, pady=5, sticky=(tkinter.W, tkinter.W, tkinter.E))

third_frame=tkinter.ttk.Frame(root_window, width=window_width, height=window_heigth)
third_frame['borderwidth'] = 2
third_frame.grid(column=0, row=0, padx=20, pady=5, sticky=(tkinter.W, tkinter.W, tkinter.E))

# Create all widgets to all frames
reco_widgets()
portfolio_widgets()
start_tab_widgets()

# Hide all frames in reverse order, but leave first frame visible (unhidden).
third_frame.grid_forget()
second_frame.grid_forget()

# Start tkinter event - loop
root_window.mainloop()

Answer 1

树视图中的额外列是树列，可以通过在创建树视图时设置show='headings'来禁用：

tv_data = tkinter.ttk.Treeview(first_frame, columns=('ticker', 'volume','Date of Purchase', 'Average price'), show='headings')

“你想要多少股？”的显示问题column 是因为标签lbl_lucky 导致第一列的宽度很长。可以通过在lbl_lucky.grid(...) 和tv_data.grid(...) 中设置columnspan=2（您可以尝试任何大于1 的值以适合您的情况）来修复它：

lbl_lucky.grid(column=0, row=1, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W), columnspan=2)

tv_data.grid(row=20, column=0, pady=10, padx=10, sticky=(tkinter.W), columnspan=2)