使用 Matplotlib 绘制带有日期的字典中的数据

Question

我正在尝试绘制存储在字典中的一组相当简单的数据。键是日期，当值是..值。但是 x 轴充当正常的一组值，而不是日期。它们按顺序绘制，它们保存在字典中（不是按时间顺序）。x 轴上也没有真正的比例，所以它没有在没有数据的日期上绘制空白区域。

在附加代码中，只有一小部分真正的字典，但足以说明问题：

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

dictionary = {'2015-11-15': 318, '2015-11-16': 3, '2015-11-18': 147, '2015-11-20': 38, 
'2015-11-22': 128,'2015-11-23': 37, '2015-11-24': 5, '2015-11-25': 3, '2015-11-26': 323, 
'2015-11-27': 478,'2015-11-28': 49, '2015-11-29': 9,'2015-12-11': 172, '2015-12-13': 219, 
'2015-12-16': 1,'2015-12-17': 10, '2015-12-18': 25, '2015-12-19': 3, '2015-12-2': 147, 
'2015-12-21': 133}

x = list(dictionary.keys())
y = list(dictionary.values())

plt.plot_date(x,y, xdate=True)
plt.xticks(x, rotation='vertical')
plt.show()

知道如何编辑代码以正确显示绘图吗？我是否必须对字典进行排序以按时间顺序绘制日期，还是会自动将它们放置在正确的位置？

1. Link 1 - Date tick labels
2. Link 2 - matplotlib.pyplot.plot_date
3. Link 3 - Date Demo Rrule
4. Link 4 - Dates API

可能的解决方案？

1. Plotting dates and associated values from a dictionary with Matplotlib

Answer 1

好的，所以通过可能的解决方案，我决定将我的数据从字符串 DD-MM-YYYY 格式格式化为元组 (YYYY,MM,DD)。然后我将此信息转发到字典并使用 * 作为 datetime.date 的参数将其解压缩。其余的就像带有链接的示例一样。

我的程序的完整代码：

new.txt 中的一小段数据（原始文件超过 12MB）：

=A=
=A=
XDD
29September201821:54
=F=
nice,urodzinymateriinieozywionej
29September201821:54
=A=
urodzinygaleriijurajskiejsaxd
29September201821:53
=A=
jakasgwiazdeczka
29September201821:53
=F=
czytakosamaona
29September201821:53
=F=
tenkocertjakoczescewentujakiegoswiekszego
29September201821:53
=F=
nieznaju
29September201821:52
=A=
koncertsylwiigrzeszczakbylxdnawetfajniegraja
29September201821:48
=A=

29September201821:48
=A=
XDD
29September201816:03
=F=
ladnie
29September201816:03
=F=
wbrystolu
29September201816:03
=F=
niewiemgdziejestem,brawo
29September201816:03
=F=
xD
29September201816:03
=F=
nawetnie
29September201816:03
=F=
anie
29September201816:03
=A=
OMGZUZKAsentaphoto.

29September201816:02
=F=
jawbathjestemzjarkiem
29September201816:02
=A=
Niebomalebylyxd
29September201816:02
=F=
cosznalazlaswtychjaskiniach?
29September201816:02
=A=
RondowolsztyniexD
29September201816:02
=A=
OMGZUZKAsentaphoto.

29September201816:02
=F=

29September201816:01
=A=

29September201816:01
=A=
Oh
29September201816:01
=F=
amniegorszeodrzucaja
29September201816:01
=F=
nie,boinnesazawszegorszenizzuzka
29September201816:01
=A=
Tytakmawiasz?XD
29September201816:00
=F=
kok
29September201815:51
=F=
xd
29September201815:51

文件的完整代码：

import re
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import datetime

def month(date):
    if "January" in date:
        return 1
    elif "February" in date:
        return 2
    elif "March" in date:
        return 3
    elif "April" in date:
        return 4
    elif "May" in date:
        return 5
    elif "June" in date:
        return 6
    elif "July" in date:
        return 7
    elif "August" in date:
        return 8
    elif "September" in date:
        return 9
    elif "October" in date:
        return 10
    elif "November" in date:
        return 11
    elif "December" in date:
        return 12
    else:
        pass

messages = open("new.txt","r").read()
dates = []

date_2digits = re.finditer('^[0-9][0-9][A-Z][a-z]*[0-9]{6}[:][0-9]{2}', messages, flags=re.MULTILINE)
date_1digit  = re.finditer('^[0-9][A-Z][a-z]*[0-9]{6}[:][0-9]{2}', messages, flags=re.MULTILINE)

for _ in date_2digits:
    txt = str(_.group(0))
    dates.append((int(txt[-9:-5]),month(txt),int(txt[0:2])))

for _ in date_1digit:
    txt = str(_.group(0))
    dates.append((int(txt[-9:-5]), int(month(txt)), int(txt[0:1])))

dates_dict = {}

for entry in dates:
    date = datetime.date(*entry)
    if date not in dates_dict.keys():
        dates_dict[date]=int(1)
    elif date in dates_dict.keys():
        add = dates_dict[date] + 1
        dates_dict.update({date:add})

x = list(dates_dict.keys())
y = list(dates_dict.values())

#plt.plot_date(x,y,'.')
plt.bar(x,y)
plt.xticks(x, rotation='vertical')
plt.show()