无法退出 While 循环（Python 3.9）

Question

我是编程新手，我喜欢解决这个欧拉问题，我知道这个问题有解决方案，但实际上根本不是问题。

所以，我设法创建了一个用于查找示例的工作函数：33. 三角数。它可以工作，但我无法正确设计我的 while 循环。我想让它像，它从第一个三角形检查它的除数开始，列出它的除数，检查除数的长度，因为问题想要“第一个三角形数的值是多少，有超过 500 个除数？” .但我从来没有设法处理while循环。感谢您的阅读。

nums = [1]
triangles = [1]
divisors = []

def triangularcreator(x):
    if x == 1:
        return 1
    n = 1
    sum = 0
    while n!=0:
        n += 1
        nums.append(n)
        for i in range(len(nums)):
            sum += nums[i]
        triangles.append(sum)
        sum = 0
        if x == len(triangles):
            n = 0
    return triangles[-1]


counter = 1
while True:
    for i in range(1, triangularcreator(counter) + 1):
        if triangularcreator(counter) % i == 0:
            divisors.append(i)
    if len(divisors) == 500:
        print(triangularcreator(counter))
        break
    counter +=1
    divisors.clear()

Answer 1

您应该尝试更改一些内容，首先计算一次 triangularcreator(counter) 的值，然后将该值分配给您可以在代码的不同点使用的变量。

其次，您创建一个循环，将始终计算triangularcreator(1)。在每次迭代结束时，您增加 counter+=1 的值，但在新迭代开始时，您再次为其分配值 1，因此它不会按预期进行。试试这几件事：

counter = 1

while True: 
    triangle = triangularcreator(counter)
    for i in range(1, triangle  + 1):
        if triangle  % i == 0:
            divisors.append(i)
    if len(divisors) == 500:
        print(triangle )
        break
    counter +=1

这两个数组nums = [1]、triangles = [1] 也应该在def triangularcreator 中声明和初始化。否则，您将在每次迭代中添加元素

编辑：我认为最好给你我自己的答案，因为你正在做一些昂贵的操作，这会使代码运行很长时间。试试这个解决方案：

import numpy as np

factor_num = 0
n = 0

def factors(n):
    cnt = 0
    # You dont need to iterate through all the numbers from 1 to n
    # Just to the sqrt, and multiply by two. 
    for i in range(1,int(np.sqrt(n)+1)):
        if n % i == 0:
            cnt += 1
    # If n is perfect square, it will exist a middle number
    if (np.sqrt(n)).is_integer():
      return (cnt*2)-1
    else:
      return (cnt*2)-1

while factor_num < 500:
    # Here you generate the triangle, by summing all elements from 1 to n
    triangle = sum(list(range(n)))
    # Here you calculate the number of factors of the triangle
    factor_num = factors(triangle)
    n += 1

print(triangle)

Answer 2

事实证明，在另一个 while 循环中，triangularcreator 中的两个 while 循环都是无限的：

nums = [1]
triangles = [1]
divisors = []

def triangularcreator(x):
    if x == 1:
        return 1
    n = 1
    sum = 0
    while n:

        n += 1
        nums.append(n)
        for i in range(len(nums)):
            sum += nums[i]
        triangles.append(sum)
        sum = 0
        if len(triangles) >= x:
            return triangles[-1]
    return triangles[-1]


counter = 1
while True:
    check = triangularcreator(counter)
    for i in range(1, check + 1):
        if check % i == 0:
            divisors.append(i)

    if len(divisors) >= 500:
        tr = triangularcreator(counter)
        print(tr)
        break
    counter +=1

---

解决方案

免责声明：这不是我的解决方案，而是@TamoghnaChowdhury，因为它似乎是网络上最干净的解决方案。我想自己解决，但今天真的没时间了！

import math


def count_factors(num):
    # One and itself are included now
    count = 2
    for i in range(2, int(math.sqrt(num)) + 1):
        if num % i == 0:
            count += 2
    return count


def triangle_number(num):
    return (num * (num + 1) // 2)


def divisors_of_triangle_number(num):
    if num % 2 == 0:
        return count_factors(num // 2) * count_factors(num + 1)
    else:
        return count_factors((num + 1) // 2) * count_factors(num)


def factors_greater_than_triangular_number(n):
    x = n
    while divisors_of_triangle_number(x) <= n:
        x += 1
    return triangle_number(x)


print('The answer is', factors_greater_than_triangular_number(500))