如何获取模型中所有属性的列表 - Django Rest Framework

Question

我正在尝试获取所有姓名、电子邮件和电话的列表，而无需为每个名称、电子邮件和电话编写类似的类，并使用 get() 方法。有没有办法为此目的编写一个通用类？我有意识地使用了 APIView 和 Serializer（而不是 ModelSerializer）。这是我的代码。

views.py

class userInfoList(APIView):

def get(self, request, format=None):
    users = userInfo.objects.all()
    serializer = userInfoSerializer(users, many=True)
    return Response(serializer.data)

serializers.py

from phonenumber_field.serializerfields import PhoneNumberField
from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import userInfo

class userInfoSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    id = serializers.IntegerField(read_only=True)
    name = serializers.CharField(max_length=50)
    email = serializers.EmailField(max_length=70)
    phone = PhoneNumberField()

    def create(self, validated_data):
        return userInfo.objects.create(**validated_data)

    

Answer 1

看看 DRF 中的通用视图 - https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/generic-views/

可以为generic.ListView 定义serializer_class，因此您可以为您的模型拥有一个基本序列化程序，以及三个您感兴趣的字段的子序列化程序：

class BaseSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    id = serializers.IntegerField(read_only=True)
    name = serializers.CharField(max_length=50)
    email = serializers.EmailField(max_length=70)
    phone = PhoneNumberField()

    ...

# Here is your sub-serializer
class EmailSerializer(BaseSerializer):
    class Meta:
         fields = ["email"]

# Here is your separate view for retrieving only emails:

class FetchEmailsView(generic.ListView):
    serializer_class = EmailSerializer
    queryset = userInfo.objects.all()