一个程序中的名称错误，而另一个程序中的语法错误

Question

所以一开始，我需要创建一个程序，让用户输入一个字符，如果是 Int，那么应该会弹出一个错误……如果是 Str，那么它应该进一步分为辅音和元音。但是，这并不能解决问题（而且它不起作用），因为用户可以输入特殊字符，这些字符只会作为辅音过滤掉

Z = (input("Enter a character: "))
if type(Z) == int:
   print(Z, "is a numeral")
else: 
   if (Z=='A' or Z=='a' or Z =='E' or Z=='e' or Z=='I'or Z=='i'
        or Z=='O' or Z=='o' or Z=='U' or Z=='u'):
      print(Z, "is a Vowel")
   else:
      print(Z, "is a Consonant")

因此，在此之后，我尝试创建一个包含所有字母的列表，然后我认为它会起作用......我错了

my=input('Enter a character:')
list=[a,A,b,B,c,C,d,D,e,E,f,F,g,G,h,H,i,I,j,J,k,K,l,L,m,M,n,N,o,O,p,P,q,Q,r,R,s,S,t,T,u,U,v,V,w,W,x,X,y,Y,z,Z]
if my in list:
   if (my=='A' or my=='a' or my=='E' or my=='e' or my=='I'or my=='i'
        or my=='O' or my=='o' or my=='U' or my=='u'):
      print(my, "is a Vowel")
   else:
      print(my, "is a Consonant")
else:
    print ('HAHAHA')

这显示了这个错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\veert\Desktop\Python\VowelOrConsonant#1.py", line 2, in <module>
    list=[a,A,b,B,c,C,d,D,e,E,f,F,g,G,h,H,i,I,j,J,k,K,l,L,m,M,n,N,o,O,p,P,q,Q,r,R,s,S,t,T,u,U,v,V,w,W,x,X,y,Y,z,Z]
NameError: name 'a' is not defined

请帮帮我

Answer 1

上面的列表值应该是字符串类型。因此，您需要在“”中添加每个字符，如下所示。

my=input('Enter a character:')
list=["a","A","b","B","c","C","d","D","e","E"]
if my in list:
   if (my=='A' or my=='a' or my=='E' or my=='e' or my=='I'or my=='i'
        or my=='O' or my=='o' or my=='U' or my=='u'):
      print(my, "is a Vowel")
   else:
      print(my, "is a Consonant")
else:
    print ('HAHAHA')

当您添加 list = [a, A, b, B, .... ] 时，Python 解释器会尝试搜索变量 a、A、b、B 等的值。这里没有预先定义。所以，它返回那个 NameError。

Answer 2

可能是这样的吗？

 vowels = ['A','a','E','e','I','i','O','o','U','u'],
 consonants = ['B','b','C','c','D','d','H','h','J','j','K','k','L','l','M','m','N','n','P','p','Q','q','R','r','S','s','T','t','V','v','W','w','X','x','Y','y','Z','z']

inp = input('Please enter a character > ')

if inp not in vowels and inp not in consonants:
    print(f'{inp} is not in the alphabet')

if inp in vowels:
    print(f'{inp} is a vowel')

if inp in consonants:
    print(f'{inp} is a consonant')

为了便于阅读，我已经将元音和辅音分开，试图将比较运算符缩短到几个。

满足所有输入：

alphaneumeric = {
    'vowel': ['A','a','E','e','I','i','O','o','U','u'],
    'consonant': ['B','b','C','c','D','d','H','h','J','j','K','k','L','l','M','m','N','n','P','p','Q','q','R','r','S','s','T','t','V','v','W','w','X','x','Y','y','Z','z'],
    'number': ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','0'],
    'symbol': ['!','@','#','$','%','^','&','*','(',')','[',']','{','}','<','>','.',',','\'','"',':',';','-','=','/','\\','~','`']
}

inp = input('Please enter a chacter > ')

for key, lst in alphaneumeric.items():
    if inp in lst:
        print(f'{inp} is a {key}')
        break # return immediately