Python、Numpy 和 OLS

Question

下面的代码按预期工作，但这不是我所需要的。我想将 c[1] 更改为 c[1:] 以便我回归所有 x 变量而不仅仅是一个。当我进行更改（并添加适当的 x 标签）时，我收到以下错误：ValueError: matrices are not aligned。有人可以解释为什么会发生这种情况并建议修改代码吗？谢谢。

from numpy import *
from ols import *

a = [[.001,.05,-.003,.014,.035,-.01,.032,-.0013,.0224,.005],[-.011,.012,.0013,.014,-.0015,.019,-.032,.013,-.04,-.05608],
 [.0021,.02,-.023,.0024,.025,-.081,.032,-.0513,.00014,-.00015],[.001,.02,-.003,.014,.035,-.001,.032,-.003,.0224,-.005],
 [.0021,-.002,-.023,.0024,.025,.01,.032,-.0513,.00014,-.00015],[-.0311,.012,.0013,.014,-.0015,.019,-.032,.013,-.014,-.008],
 [.001,.02,-.0203,.014,.035,-.001,.00032,-.0013,.0224,.05],[.0021,-.022,-.0213,.0024,.025,.081,.032,.05313,.00014,-.00015],
 [-.01331,.012,.0013,.014,.01015,.019,-.032,.013,-.014,-.012208],[.01021,-.022,-.023,.0024,.025,.081,.032,.0513,.00014,-.020015]]


c = column_stack(a)
y = c[0]
m = ols(y, c[1], y_varnm='y', x_varnm=['x1'])
print m.summary()

编辑：我想出了一个部分解决方案，但仍然有问题。下面的代码适用于 9 个解释变量中的 8 个。

c = column_stack(a)
y = c[0]
x = column_stack([c[i] for i in range(1, 9)])
m = ols(y, x, y_varnm='y', x_varnm=['x1','x2','x3','x4','x5','x6','x7','x8'])
print m.summary()

但是，当我尝试包含第 9 个 x 变量时，我收到以下错误：RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars。知道为什么吗？这是代码（注意len(a) = 10）：

c = column_stack(a)
y = c[0]
x = column_stack([c[i] for i in range(1, len(a))])
m = ols(y, x, y_varnm='y', x_varnm=['x1','x2','x3','x4','x5','x6','x7','x8','x9'])
print m.summary()

Answer 1

我对您正在使用的 ols 模块一无所知。但是，如果您使用 scikits.statsmodels 尝试以下操作，它应该可以工作：

import numpy as np
import scikits.statsmodels.api as sm

a = np.array([[.001,.05,-.003,.014,.035,-.01,.032,-.0013,.0224,.005],[-.011,.012,.0013,.014,-.0015,.019,-.032,.013,-.04,-.05608],
 [.0021,.02,-.023,.0024,.025,-.081,.032,-.0513,.00014,-.00015],[.001,.02,-.003,.014,.035,-.001,.032,-.003,.0224,-.005],
 [.0021,-.002,-.023,.0024,.025,.01,.032,-.0513,.00014,-.00015],[-.0311,.012,.0013,.014,-.0015,.019,-.032,.013,-.014,-.008],
 [.001,.02,-.0203,.014,.035,-.001,.00032,-.0013,.0224,.05],[.0021,-.022,-.0213,.0024,.025,.081,.032,.05313,.00014,-.00015],
 [-.01331,.012,.0013,.014,.01015,.019,-.032,.013,-.014,-.012208],[.01021,-.022,-.023,.0024,.025,.081,.032,.0513,.00014,-.020015]])

y = a[:, 0]
x = a[:, 1:]
results = sm.OLS(y, x).fit()
print results.summary()

输出：

     Summary of Regression Results
=======================================
| Dependent Variable:            ['y']|
| Model:                           OLS|
| Method:                Least Squares|
| # obs:                          10.0|
| Df residuals:                    1.0|
| Df model:                        8.0|
==============================================================================
|                   coefficient     std. error    t-statistic          prob. |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| x0                     0.2557         0.6622         0.3862         0.7654 |
| x1                    0.03054          1.453         0.0210         0.9866 |
| x2                     -3.392          2.444        -1.3877         0.3975 |
| x3                      1.445          1.474         0.9808         0.5062 |
| x4                    0.03559         0.2610         0.1363         0.9137 |
| x5                    -0.7412         0.8754        -0.8467         0.5527 |
| x6                    0.02289         0.2466         0.0928         0.9411 |
| x7                     0.5754          1.413         0.4074         0.7537 |
| x8                    -0.4827         0.7569        -0.6378         0.6386 |
==============================================================================
|                          Models stats                      Residual stats  |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| R-squared:                     0.8832   Durbin-Watson:              2.578  |
| Adjusted R-squared:          -0.05163   Omnibus:                   0.5325  |
| F-statistic:                   0.9448   Prob(Omnibus):             0.7663  |
| Prob (F-statistic):            0.6663   JB:                        0.1630  |
| Log likelihood:                 41.45   Prob(JB):                  0.9217  |
| AIC criterion:                 -64.91   Skew:                      0.4037  |
| BIC criterion:                 -62.18   Kurtosis:                   2.405  |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------