运行 pygame 代码，它显示 'Module 'pygame' has no 'init' member' 和白屏窗口

Question

我是学习Python的初学者，在调试从书中复制的一系列代码时遇到了一个问题，我得到一个白屏窗口而不是一个带图案的窗口，代码如下：

import pygame, sys, random
import pygame.locals as GAME_GLOBALS
import pygame.event as GAME_EVENTS
pygame.init()
windowWidth = 640
windowHeight = 480
surface = pygame.display.set_mode((windowWidth, windowHeight))
pygame.display.set_caption('Pygame Shapes!')

while True:
    surface.fill((200, 0, 0))
    pygame.draw.rect(surface, (255, 0, 0), (random.randint(0, windowWidth), random.randint(0, windowHeight), 10, 10))

greenSquareX = windowWidth / 2
greenSquareY = windowHeight / 2

while True:
    surface.fill((0, 0, 0))
    pygame.draw.rect(surface, (0, 255, 0),
     (greenSquareX, greenSquareY, 10, 10))
    greenSquareX += 1
    # greenSquareY += 1
    pygame.draw.rect(surface, (0, 0, 255),
       (blueSquareX, blueSquareY, 10, 10))

    blueSquareX = 0.0
    blueSquareY = 0.0
    blueSquareVX = 1
    blueSquareVy = 1

while True:
    surface.fill((0, 0, 0))
    pygame.draw.rect(surface, (0, 0, 255),
       (blueSquareX, blueSquareY, 10, 10))
    blueSquareX += blueSquareVX
    blueSquareY += blueSquareVY
    blueSquareVX += 0.1
    blueSquareVY += 0.1

    for event in GAME_EVENTS.GET():
        if event.type == GAME_GLOBALS.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()
    pygame.dispaly.update()

我得到的第一个错误是：E1101:Module 'pygame' has no 'init' member'(4 ,1)。我之前用pygame.init() 运行过其他Python 代码，结果很好；但这次我得到一个白屏窗口。我的代码有什么问题？感谢您的帮助！

Answer 1

这花了我大量的调试来修复，哈哈。

首先，您没有在任何while 循环中转义或更新。一旦代码进入您的第一个 while 循环，此后将不会更新任何内容（pygame.display） - 导致您的白屏综合症。

此外，请统一命名变量并检查代码中的拼写错误。您创建了一个blueSquareVy 变量只是为了稍后尝试将其称为blueSquareVY，并且您在代码末尾拼错了pygame.display.update()。大写很重要——这只是一些错别字！

代码中也存在逻辑错误。在将图形绘制到屏幕上之后，您应该不填充窗口表面。查看您的变量，您似乎希望小方块移动。您将在 while 循环之外创建位置变量，就像您在循环中创建它们一样，它们在每次循环迭代时都会以其初始值重新创建。

带注释和错误修正的代码：

import pygame, sys, random
import pygame.locals as GAME_GLOBALS
import pygame.event as GAME_EVENTS
pygame.init()
windowWidth = 640
windowHeight = 480
surface = pygame.display.set_mode((windowWidth, windowHeight))
pygame.display.set_caption('Pygame Shapes!')

# Renamed variables to be consistent
# Moved variables out of the while loop
greenSquareX = windowWidth / 2
greenSquareY = windowHeight / 2
blueSquareX = 0.0
blueSquareY = 0.0
blueSquareVX = 1
blueSquareVY = 1

# Joined the two while loops into one
while True:
    surface.fill((200, 0, 0))
    pygame.draw.rect(surface, (255, 0, 0), (random.randint(0, windowWidth), random.randint(0, windowHeight), 10, 10))

    surface.fill((0, 0, 0))
    pygame.draw.rect(surface, (0, 255, 0),
     (greenSquareX, greenSquareY, 10, 10))
    greenSquareX += 1
    greenSquareY += 1

    pygame.draw.rect(surface, (0, 0, 255),
       (blueSquareX, blueSquareY, 10, 10))
    blueSquareX += blueSquareVX
    blueSquareY += blueSquareVY
    blueSquareVX += 0.1
    blueSquareVY += 0.1

    # Do not capitalize the .get() method for pygame.event class
    for event in GAME_EVENTS.get():
        if event.type == GAME_GLOBALS.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()

    # Misspelled pygame.display
    pygame.display.update()

希望这有帮助！