使用 Python 乌龟图形实现视频游戏的麻烦

Question

基本上我想要做的是使用 Python 的海龟模块创建一个两人游戏。底部有两只海龟是玩家，顶部有两个圆圈作为检查点。一只乌龟应该在两个检查点之间来回走动——这只乌龟是目标。底部的海龟向目标射击。

我的问题：

• 目标海龟移动得太快了。
• 底部海龟的子弹从屏幕中间生成。

注意：代码的某些部分可能令人困惑和/或不需要。

代码如下：

from turtle import*
import math

def k1():#Enemy Key Commands
    enemy.left(90)
    enemy.forward(10)
    enemy.right(90)

def k2():
    enemy.left(90)
    enemy.backward(10)
    enemy.right(90)

def k3():#Yertle Key Commands
    yertle.left(90)
    yertle.forward(10)
    yertle.right(90)

def k4():
    yertle.left(90)
    yertle.backward(10)
    yertle.right(90)

def k5():
    a=bullet_red()
    a.speed(10)
    a.forward(400)
    collision= math.sqrt(math.pow(a.xcor()-yertle.xcor(),2)+math.pow(a.ycor()-yertle.ycor(),2))
    if(collision<10):
        text=enemy.write("Game Over", align="center" , font=("Arial", 16, "normal"))
    a.hideturtle()

def k6():
    a=bullet_blue()
    a.speed(10)
    a.forward(400)
    collision= math.sqrt(math.pow(a.xcor()-yertle.xcor(),2)+math.pow(a.ycor()-yertle.ycor(),2))
    if(collision<10):
        text=enemy.write("Game Over", align="center" , font=("Arial", 16, "normal"))
    a.hideturtle()

def collision(a, b):
    collision= math.sqrt(math.pow(a.xcor()-b.xcor(),2)+math.pow(a.ycor()-b.ycor(),2))
    if(collision<5):
        print("Bottom Player Wins")
        print("Game Over")


def bullet_red():
    bullet=Turtle("circle")#Description For Bullet
    bullet.color("red")
    bullet.penup()
    bullet.goto(enemy.pos())
    bullet.setheading(180)
    bullet.right(90)
    return bullet

def bullet_blue():
    bullet=Turtle("circle")#Description For Bullet
    bullet.color("blue")
    bullet.penup()
    bullet.goto(yertle.pos())
    bullet.setheading(180)
    bullet.right(90)
    return bullet

ops = Screen()
ops.setup(500, 500)
ops.onkey(k1, "a")#Enemy
ops.onkey(k2, "d")#Enemy
ops.onkey(k3, "Left")#Yertle
ops.onkey(k4, "Right")#Yertle
ops.onkey(k5, "w")#Shoot(Enemy)
ops.onkey(k6, "Up")#Shoot(Enemy)
ops.listen()



checkpoint_1=Turtle(shape="circle")#Turtle Description for Checkpoint 1
checkpoint_1.color("red")
checkpoint_1.setheading(180)
checkpoint_1.right(90)
checkpoint_1.penup()
checkpoint_1.setx(-220)
checkpoint_1.sety(230)
checkpoint_1.speed(0)
#_____________________________

checkpoint_2=Turtle(shape="circle")#Turtle Description for Checkpoint 2
checkpoint_2.color("red")
checkpoint_2.setheading(180)
checkpoint_2.right(90)
checkpoint_2.penup()
checkpoint_2.setx(220)
checkpoint_2.sety(230)
checkpoint_2.speed(0)

#____________________________
runner=Turtle(shape="turtle")#Turtle Description for Checkpoint 2
runner.color("yellow")
while(runner!=collision):
    runner.penup()
    runner.goto(checkpoint_1.pos())
    runner.goto(checkpoint_2.pos())
    runner.speed(0)
    #_____________________________

enemy=Turtle(shape="turtle")#Turtle Description for Player 1
enemy.color("red")
enemy.setheading(180)
enemy.right(90)
enemy.penup()
enemy.setx(-20)
enemy.sety(-200)
enemy.speed(0)

    #_____________________________

yertle = Turtle(shape="turtle")#Turtle Description for Player 2
yertle.color("blue")
yertle.setheading(180)
yertle.right(90)
yertle.penup() 
yertle.setx(20)
yertle.sety(-200)
yertle.speed(0)
    #_____________________________

Answer 1

以下是我对您的代码的修改，以使其基本上可以玩游戏——它仍然需要工作才能成为一个完成的程序。

from turtle import Turtle, Screen

FONT = ("Arial", 32, "bold")

def k1():  # Enemy Key Commands
    enemy.backward(10)

def k2():
    enemy.forward(10)

def k3():  # Yertle Key Commands
    yertle.backward(10)

def k4():
    yertle.forward(10)

def k5():  # enemy shoot
    bullet.color("red")
    bullet.goto(enemy.position())
    bullet.showturtle()

    bullet.forward(430)

    if bullet.distance(runner) < 10:
        magic_marker.write("Game Over", align="center", font=FONT)

    bullet.hideturtle()

def k6():  # yertle shoot
    bullet.color("blue")
    bullet.goto(yertle.position())
    bullet.showturtle()

    bullet.forward(430)

    if bullet.distance(runner) < 10:
        magic_marker.write("Game Over", align="center", font=FONT)

    bullet.hideturtle()

def move_runner():
    if runner.distance(checkpoint_1) < 5 or runner.distance(checkpoint_2) < 5:
        runner.left(180)
    runner.forward(2)

    screen.ontimer(move_runner, 50)

screen = Screen()
screen.setup(500, 500)

bullet = Turtle("circle", visible=False)  # Description For Bullet
bullet.speed('normal')
bullet.penup()
bullet.setheading(90)

checkpoint_1 = Turtle("circle", visible=False)  # Turtle Description for Checkpoint 1
checkpoint_1.color("red")
checkpoint_1.penup()
checkpoint_1.goto(-220, 230)

checkpoint_2 = checkpoint_1.clone()  # Turtle Description for Checkpoint 2
checkpoint_2.goto(220, 230)

runner = Turtle("turtle", visible=False)
runner.color("orange")
runner.speed('fastest')
runner.penup()
runner.sety(230)

yertle = Turtle(shape="turtle", visible=False)  # Turtle Description for Player 1
yertle.tiltangle(90)  # face one way but move another!
yertle.speed('fastest')
yertle.penup()
yertle.color("blue")
yertle.goto(20, -200)

enemy = yertle.clone()  # Turtle Description for Player 2
enemy.color("red")
enemy.goto(-20, -200)

checkpoint_1.showturtle()
checkpoint_2.showturtle()
runner.showturtle()
yertle.showturtle()
enemy.showturtle()

magic_marker = Turtle(visible=False)  # for writing text

screen.onkey(k1, "a")  # Enemy
screen.onkey(k2, "d")  # Enemy
screen.onkey(k3, "Left")  # Yertle
screen.onkey(k4, "Right")  # Yertle
screen.onkey(k5, "w")  # Shoot(Enemy)
screen.onkey(k6, "Up")  # Shoot(Yertle)
screen.listen()

move_runner()

screen.mainloop()

您的代码有错误（就像您的 cmets 一样），但我的主要建议是查看海龟文档以了解您可以使用的所有功能 - 在编写游戏时，您需要知道海龟可以做什么。

我将项目符号更改为单个共享项目符号——当你完成它们时，海龟不会消失，所以这在资源方面似乎更好。但是，它也有问题。如果您继续使用单个子弹模型，您需要联锁发射事件以防止重叠。如果您改为同时发射多个子弹，您将需要添加更多 ontimer 事件，例如 runner 用于控制它们的运动。