如何在海龟绘图上设置我的屏幕边界

Question

我在这里有一组代码，每次运行代码时我都会使用它来生成唯一的图像；如何将其设置为仅在 tkinter 屏幕的边界内绘制？

代码如下：

import random
import turtle
maker=turtle.Turtle()
maker.getscreen().delay(0)
maker.getscreen().tracer(0)
n=random.randint(1,360)
m=random.randint(0,100)
r=random.randint(0,50)
d=random.randint(1,2)
maker2=maker.clone()
maker3=maker.clone()
maker4=maker.clone()
maker.goto(0,0)
maker2.goto(0,0)
maker3.goto(0,0)
maker4.goto(0,0)
#top right
maker.goto(50, 50)
#bottom right
maker2.goto(50, -50)
#bottom left
maker3.goto(-50, -50)
#top left
maker4.goto(-50, 50)
while r<50:
    for i in range (0,m):
        maker.forward(m)
        maker2.forward(m)
        maker3.backward(m)
        maker4.backward(m)
        for i in range (0,r):
            if d == 1: 
                maker.right(n)
                maker2.right(n*-1)
                maker3.left(n*-1)
                maker4.left(n)
            elif d == 2:
                maker.left(n)
                maker2.left(n*-1)
                maker3.right(n*-1)
                maker4.right(n)
        maker.forward(m)
        maker2.forward(m)
        maker3.backward(m)
        maker4.backward(m)
    n=n+1
    r = r + 1
    n=random.randint(0,359)
maker.goto(0,0)
maker2.goto(0,0)
maker3.goto(0,0)
maker4.goto(0,0)
turtle.exitonclick() 

Answer 1

由于在完成之前您不会显示绘图，因此一个简单的解决方法是进行移动，检查移动是否将您带出画布，如果是，只需撤消该移动：

from random import randint, choice
from turtle import Turtle, Screen

screen = Screen()
screen.tracer(0)

width, height = screen.window_width() - 30, screen.window_height() - 30  # -30 to account for window borders, etc.

maker1 = Turtle(visible=False)
maker2 = maker1.clone()
maker3 = maker1.clone()
maker4 = maker1.clone()

maker1.goto(50, 50)  # top right
maker2.goto(50, -50)  # bottom right
maker3.goto(-50, -50)  # bottom left
maker4.goto(-50, 50)  # top left

n = randint(1, 360)
m = randint(0, 100)
r = randint(0, 50)
d = choice([True, False])

def out_of_bounds(turtle):
    return not (-width//2 < turtle.xcor() < width//2 and -height//2 < turtle.ycor() < height//2)

while r < 50:
    for i in range(0, m):

        maker1.forward(m)
        maker2.forward(m)
        maker3.backward(m)
        maker4.backward(m)

        if any(out_of_bounds(turtle) for turtle in screen.turtles()):
            for turtle in screen.turtles():
                turtle.undo()

        if d:
            maker1.right(r * n)
            maker2.right(-r * n)
            maker3.left(-r * n)
            maker4.left(r * n)
        else:
            maker1.left(r * n)
            maker2.left(-r * n)
            maker3.right(-r * n)
            maker4.right(r * n)

        maker1.forward(m)
        maker2.forward(m)
        maker3.backward(m)
        maker4.backward(m)

        if any(out_of_bounds(turtle) for turtle in screen.turtles()):
            for turtle in screen.turtles():
                turtle.undo()

    r += 1
    n = randint(0, 359)

screen.update()
screen.exitonclick()

我同意@PM2Ring 关于调整图像密度的观点（以上不是示例，但您很快就会看到）。