python3中的索引文件夹和文件

Question

我想为我在企业云中拥有的所有文件和文件夹创建一个索引，这样我就可以对其进行备份并将索引存储到一个 txt 文件中，然后我将比较最后的两个备份（ txt 文件）来检查哪些文件/文件夹更改了名称。

我已经尝试过这段代码，但它仅限于我插入到代码中的 for 循环的时间，我想知道我是否可以以几乎无限的方式做到这一点，因为我不知道是否有人会添加文件夹到任何子文件夹：

    for f in next(os.walk(path))[1]:
    folder=('{}' + ". " + f).format(a)
    print(folder,file=open(filename, "a"))
    path1=path+f
    for f in next(os.walk(path1))[2]:
        files = ("   " + f)
        print(files,file=open(filename, "a"))
    b=1
    for f in next(os.walk(path1))[1]:
        folder=(" " + '{}' + "." + '{}' + ". " + f).format(a,b)
        print(folder,file=open(filename, "a"))
        path2=path1+("\\")+f
        for f in next(os.walk(path2))[2]:
            files = ("   " + f)
            print(files,file=open(filename, "a"))
        c=1
        for f in next(os.walk(path2))[1]:
            folder=("    " + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' + ". " + f).format(a,b,c)
            print(folder,file=open(filename, "a"))
            path3=path2+("\\")+f
            for f in next(os.walk(path3))[2]:
                files = ("      " + f)
                print(files,file=open(filename, "a"))
            d=1
            for f in next(os.walk(path3))[1]:
                folder=("       " + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' + ". "  + f).format(a,b,c,d)
                print(folder,file=open(filename, "a"))
                path4=path3+("\\")+f
                for f in next(os.walk(path4))[2]:
                    files = ("         " + f)
                    print(files,file=open(filename, "a"))
                e=1
                for f in next(os.walk(path4))[1]:
                    folder=("          " + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' + ". "  + f).format(a,b,c,d,e)
                    print(folder,file=open(filename, "a"))
                    path5=path4+("\\")+f
                    for f in next(os.walk(path5))[2]:
                        files = ("            " + f)
                        print(files,file=open(filename, "a"))
                    g=1
                    for f in next(os.walk(path5))[1]:
                        folder=("             " + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' +  "." + '{}' + ". "  + f).format(a,b,c,d,e,g)
                        print(folder,file=open(filename, "a"))
                        path6=path5+("\\")+f
                        for f in next(os.walk(path6))[2]:
                            files = ("               " + f)
                            print(files,file=open(filename, "a"))
                        h=1
                        for f in next(os.walk(path6))[1]:
                            folder=("                " + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' +  "." + '{}' +  "." + '{}' + ". "  + f).format(a,b,c,d,e,g,h)
                            print(folder,file=open(filename, "a"))
                            path7=path6+("\\")+f
                            for f in next(os.walk(path7))[2]:
                                files = ("                  " + f)
                                print(files,file=open(filename, "a"))
                            i=1
                            for f in next(os.walk(path7))[1]:
                                folder=("                   " + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' +  "." + '{}' +  "." + '{}' +  "." + '{}' + ". "  + f).format(a,b,c,d,e,g,h,i)
                                print(folder,file=open(filename, "a"))
                                path8=path7+("\\")+f
                                for f in next(os.walk(path8))[2]:
                                    files = ("                     " + f)
                                    print(files,file=open(filename, "a"))
                                for f in next(os.walk(path8))[1]:
                                    folder=("                      " + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' +  "." + '{}' +  "." + '{}' +  "." + '{}' +  "." + '{}' + ". "  + f).format(a,b,c,d,e,g,h,i,j)
                                    print(folder,file=open(filename, "a"))
                                    path9=path8+("\\")+f
                                    for f in next(os.walk(path9))[2]:
                                        files = ("                        " + f)
                                        print(files,file=open(filename, "a"))
                                    k=1
                                    for f in next(os.walk(path9))[1]:
                                        folder=("                         " + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' + "." + '{}' +  "." + '{}' +  "." + '{}' +  "." + '{}' +  "." + '{}' +  "." + '{}' + ". "  + f).format(a,b,c,d,e,g,h,i,j,k)
                                        print(folder,file=open(filename, "a"))
                                        path10=path9+("\\")+f
                                        for f in next(os.walk(path10))[2]:
                                            files = ("                           " + f)
                                            print(files,file=open(filename, "a"))
                                        k=k+1
                                    j=j+1
                                i=i+1
                            h=h+1
                        g=g+1
                    e=e+1
                d=d+1
            c=c+1
        b=b+1
    a=a+1

有没有可能做我想做的事？

在代码的开头，我要询问云的主文件夹在哪里（在 windows 上），因为我们都使用 OneDrive 应用程序将云放在计算机中。

这是一个关于我希望如何显示的示例：

2. Handover
 2.1. 2018
    2.1.1. 1_January
      RE  0112018 Report A (by PC).msg
      RE  0112018 Report M (by FM).msg
      RE  0112018 Report N (by RB).msg

---

有了另一个想法，如果我用这些值创建一个数组会怎样。例如：

[主文件夹，子文件夹，子子文件夹，...]

因此，我将对主文件夹上的所有值执行 for 循环，以抛出子文件夹的所有值等...

然后关联“1”。到数组的第一个值“1.1”。到第二个，等等

这是一件简单的事情吗？并检查它是否有一个子文件夹，是否必须添加一个数组值？

Answer 1

几乎可以肯定，已经有一个工具可以像您想要的那样索引文件。

也就是说，如果你想自己做，你可能需要这样的recursive function（伪代码）：

def get_files(path, indent):
    for f in children_in_path:
        # print appropriately, e.g. print('{} {}'.format(indent*' ', f)
        next_path = path+f
        get_files(next_path, indent+2)

也许您还需要通过将标题作为参数包含在您的函数中来跟踪它们。

Answer 2

这是一种可能的解决方案

from pathlib import Path


def iter_subtree(path, layer=0):
    """Recursively iterate over each item in path 
       and print item's name.
    """

    # make Path object from input string
    path = Path(path)

    # iter the directory
    for p in path.iterdir():

        if p.is_file():
            print('\t'*layer, p.name)

        elif p.is_dir():
            print('\t'*layer, p.name+'/')
            iter_subtree(p, layer+1)

        else:
            raise FileNotFoundError()