Lucene：从索引中删除，基于多个字段

Question

我需要从 lucene 搜索索引中删除文档。标准方法：

indexReader.deleteDocuments(new Term("field_name", "field value"));

不会成功：我需要根据多个字段执行删除。我需要这样的东西：

(pseudo code)
TermAggregator terms = new TermAggregator();
terms.add(new Term("field_name1", "field value 1"));
terms.add(new Term("field_name2", "field value 2"));
indexReader.deleteDocuments(terms.toTerm());

是否有任何构造？

Answer 1

IndexWriter 具有允许更强大删除的方法，例如IndexWriter.deleteDocuments(Query)。您可以构建一个 BooleanQuery 与您希望删除的术语的结合，并使用它。

Answer 2

分析仪的选择

首先，请注意您使用的是哪种分析仪。我被难住了一会儿才意识到 StandardAnalyzer 过滤掉了像“the”和“a”这样的常用词。当您的字段具有值“A”时，这是一个问题。您可能需要考虑 KeywordAnalyzer：

See this post around the analyzer.

// Create an analyzer:
// NOTE: We want the keyword analyzer so that it doesn't strip or alter any terms:
// In our example, the Standard Analyzer removes the term 'A' because it is a common English word.
// https://stackoverflow.com/a/9071806/231860
KeywordAnalyzer analyzer = new KeywordAnalyzer();

查询解析器

接下来，您可以使用 QueryParser 创建查询：

See this post around overriding the default operator.

// Create a query parser without a default field in this example (the first argument):
QueryParser queryParser = new QueryParser("", analyzer);

// Optionally, set the default operator to be AND (we leave it the default OR):
// https://stackoverflow.com/a/9084178/231860
// queryParser.setDefaultOperator(QueryParser.Operator.AND);

// Parse the query:
Query multiTermQuery = queryParser.parse("field_name1:\"field value 1\" AND field_name2:\"field value 2\"");

查询接口

或者您也可以使用他们的 API 自己构建查询来达到同样的目的：

See this tutorial around creating the BooleanQuery.

BooleanQuery multiTermQuery = new BooleanQuery();
multiTermQuery.add(new TermQuery(new Term("field_name1", "field value 1")), BooleanClause.Occur.MUST);
multiTermQuery.add(new TermQuery(new Term("field_name2", "field value 2")), BooleanClause.Occur.MUST);

数字字段查询（Int 等...）

当关键字段是数字时，您不能使用 TermQuery，而必须使用 NumericRangeQuery。

See the answer to this question.

// NOTE: For IntFields, we need NumericRangeQueries:
// https://stackoverflow.com/a/14076439/231860
BooleanQuery multiTermQuery = new BooleanQuery();
multiTermQuery.add(NumericRangeQuery.newIntRange("field_name1", 1, 1, true, true), BooleanClause.Occur.MUST);
multiTermQuery.add(NumericRangeQuery.newIntRange("field_name2", 2, 2, true, true), BooleanClause.Occur.MUST);

删除与查询匹配的文档

然后我们最终将查询传递给 writer 以删除与查询匹配的文档：

See the answer to this question.

// Remove the document by using a multi key query:
// http://www.avajava.com/tutorials/lessons/how-do-i-combine-queries-with-a-boolean-query.html
writer.deleteDocuments(multiTermQuery);